Journal of Transportation Engineering and Its Applications ISSN: 3107-4499 (Online)

Authors:Dr. Rachita Menon, Prof. Siddharth Rajagopal

Abstract: Urban transportation systems worldwide face challenges of congestion, environmental degradation, and inequity in access. Non-motorized transport (NMT), including walking and cycling, offers an eco-friendly, health-promoting, and equitable solution for sustainable urban development. This paper explores the integration of NMT into urban road design through engineering strategies that prioritize inclusivity, safety, and sustainability. Drawing from best practices and innovations in infrastructure design, this study discusses the current trends, challenges, and future directions for creating NMT-friendly urban environments. A comprehensive approach combining urban planning, traffic engineering, and behavioral insights is presented to ensure that cities evolve towards more livable, connected, and resilient futures.

Keywords: Non-Motorized Transport, Urban Road Design, Sustainable Cities, Cycling Infrastructure, Pedestrian Mobility

Author: Sylvia Fang, Dr Don Law

Abstract: The total name of CAI is Controlled Auto-Ignition, which belongs to a new type of combustion that is different from traditional engines. So far, this technology has been studied by experts from all over the past 30 years. They have experimented and simulated from different aspects of combustion, and those processes and conclusions have finally published in SAE or other website and journals. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to read a large number of thesis that related to CAI and HCCI petrol engine, and clearly grasp CAI specific research aspects of the past 20 years, such as different experimental engine, valve strategy, operating technology, load range, emission pollution and so on. Finally, gathering their results in this paper. There will be different engine operation and software simulation steps during different CAI combustion experiments. Even with the same engine and software, different experts and researchers will operate and explore different contents and processes. This article finds that what the difference among them when so many people are studying CAI’s combustion. Different people under the study will get what kinds of results though with the same engine or simulation software (software models have already been built in enterprise). Finally, the focus of this paper is to emphasize CAI combustion technology which is only applicable on petrol engines, while HCCI is only suitable for diesel engines. The differences between them are mainly due to the realization of HCCI on diesel engine is necessary to remove the water vapor that exists in intake and residual gas by a heater, but CAI does not need, which is also the nature of diesel and petrol determine the different.

Authors: Khilendrasingh, Sanjeevrajan

Abstract: A multi-objective programming is for transportation model with consideration of depot to customer relationships. In this paper we are going to analyze the multi-objective transportation problem. This paper is very useful to understand MOTP for upcoming researchers.

Authors:-Robert Spillane, Dr Don Law

Abstract:-Emissions and fuel consumption are becoming a defining factor of a vehicle performance. As emission legislation becomes increasingly strict, current internal combustion chambers are limited by mechanical camshafts and their level of fuel consumption and emissions are no longer acceptable. The next logical step is to improve the control over the ICE and this can be accomplished by expanding the range of valve events with fully variable valve trains (FVVT). This report provides a brief literature of the limits and problems of mechanical camshafts, the development of partially variable valve technology, such as phase shifting the valve timing and multilobe camshafts. The focus then shifts to how electrohydraulic and electromagnetic systems can provide FVVT and the reduction in fuel consumption and emissions they provide. FVVT offer opportunities to implement other technologies such as Controlled auto ignition (CAI) and cylinder deactivation. The theory and results of these techniques are also covered.

Keywords: FVVT, Variable Valve Actuation (VVA), Controlled auto ignition (CAI)

Authors: Dr. Rachita Menon, Prof. Nikhil Sharma

Abstract: Urbanization has accelerated significantly in the 21st century, placing immense pressure on transportation systems across the globe. Traditional transportation infrastructures have proven insufficient in addressing issues such as traffic congestion, air pollution, safety concerns, and inefficient resource allocation. Smart transport infrastructure, underpinned by Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), emerges as a transformative solution aimed at enhancing urban mobility, safety, and sustainability. This paper delves into the evolution, components, benefits, and challenges of ITS. It explores the role of integrated technologies such as sensors, AI, big data, and IoT in revolutionizing how cities manage traffic and mobility. Furthermore, the paper discusses the scope and future directions of smart transportation, emphasizing its necessity in achieving sustainable urban growth.

Keywords: Smart transport infrastructure, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), urban mobility, sustainable cities, traffic management

Autthors: Choudhury Abul Anam Rashed, Mst. Nasima Bagum , Jahid Hasan, Jafor Ahmad

Abstract: This research was conducted to redesign the facility layout of a secondary level hospital. The aim of the current research is to relocate departments based on the closeness priority between them and to reduce service time and the overall movement cost. Here, Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) technique under process layout approach was used to arrange the departments within the predefined facility boundary. Then movement cost for existing and proposed layout is calculated in MS Excel based on an established mathematical model. The model has four attributes, namely travel frequency or number of trips, trip difficulty rating, baseline travel cost and distance between departments for determining the movement cost. The calculation evaluates the effect of different proposed layouts based on movement cost and shows a significant reduction in movement cost from the existing layout. Among four proposed layouts, optimal layout shows 47% reduction in movement cost compared with the existing layout.

Authors:Dr. Kavita Sharma, Prof. Nikhil R. Menon

Abstract: In the rapidly urbanizing world, cities are facing immense pressure to enhance their transportation infrastructure to meet increasing demand while addressing environmental, economic, and social challenges. Multimodal transportation networks have emerged as a strategic solution to address these complex urban mobility needs by integrating various modes of transport such as buses, trains, bicycles, and pedestrian pathways into a cohesive system. This paper explores the key design principles and user-centered approaches essential for developing efficient, accessible, and sustainable multimodal transportation networks. Emphasis is placed on the interconnectivity between modes, infrastructure adaptability, digital integration, and human-centric planning. The paper also discusses the challenges in implementation, opportunities for innovation, and the evolving role of data in designing transport systems that are responsive to user needs and environmental imperatives.

Keywords: Multimodal Networks, Urban Mobility, Accessibility, Transportation Planning, Shared Mobility.

Authors: Praneel Chand, Niranjan Singh, Vijay Naidu

Abstract: Traffic congestion in densely populated citiescan be a hurdle for daily work commuters. The problem can be exacerbated by a low occupancy of passenger cars. Hence, this paper proposes an innovative solution for the daily work commute which can reduce travel times. The Public Personal Partnership Transport System (P3TS) consists of small personal vehicles (wheeled electric pods) driven by commuters to their nearest mass public transport station (bus stop or train station). When public transport arrives at the station, the personal vehicles dock with the bus or train and travel to a station nearest to the destination. The vehicles undock at a station near the destination and the commuters drive to their destination. This approach requires some modifications to existing public transport vehicles and the layout of stations on prospective routes for efficient operation. Government perspective and feasibility of the solution is also discussed.

Authors: Sanjana Jagadeesh, Sunil S

Abstract: Asian countries show a diverse heterogeneous traffic behavior resulting in a very complex condition. Bengaluru’s has a 4500 kms of road length with a 330 signalized intersections and road network is primarily radial and converging at the center leading to unwarranted entry of traffic to the center. The public modes of transport, mainly the buses, are vying for road space and have to compete with other modes of vehicles like autos, two wheelers, and cars. With litter addition to the infrastructure, it is becoming more & more challenging to manage the congestion levels. The problems may include lack of lane discipline, varying composition, diverse vehicle conditions which are inclined to worsen day by day. Micro simulation modeling is suitable for such dynamic traffic conditions. Calibration or modification is done to the default driver behavior characteristics to efficiently simulate the heterogeneous traffic scenarios where factors such as traffic compositions and static dynamic features are considered. In this study a methodology adopted for representing non lane based driver behavior, calibration and signal optimization for heterogeneous traffic at signalized intersection. Calibration was done to minimize the error between field control delay calculated by quick estimation method and simulated. VISSIM (Verkerhr in Staedten Simulation) a psychophysical car following model is used. Shoolay junction of Richmond road located in Bengaluru is considered for the case study.

Authors: Priya Lakshmi G

Abstract: Last-mile delivery represents the final and most crucial segment of the supply chain, often determining customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. In recent years, the integration of drones in logistics has emerged as a transformative solution to optimize last-mile delivery, particularly in urban and remote areas. This paper explores the technical, economic, and regulatory dimensions of drone-enabled last-mile logistics. It assesses the current capabilities of drone technology, analyzes real-world implementations, identifies challenges, and suggests strategic pathways for scaling up operations. Emphasis is placed on the potential of drones to reduce delivery times, minimize environmental impact, and enhance service quality. With the rise of e-commerce and the need for faster deliveries, this paper argues that drone technology, when strategically deployed, can redefine the future of logistics by overcoming conventional delivery constraints.

Keywords: Last-mile delivery, Drones, Logistics optimization, Urban air mobility, Supply chain technology

Authors: Dr. Ramesh Kumar

Abstract: The rapid urbanization of semi-urban areas has created a pressing need for efficient and flexible transportation solutions. On-demand transit services (ODTS), which enable passengers to request rides through a mobile app or a centralized platform, have emerged as a viable solution for meeting the transportation needs of semi-urban regions. This paper explores the potential of on-demand transit services in semi-urban areas, discussing their benefits, challenges, and the factors that influence their implementation. By analyzing existing case studies, technologies, and stakeholder perspectives, this paper highlights the transformative role of ODTS in bridging the mobility gap and improving the overall transport ecosystem in semi-urban settings. The paper concludes by proposing key recommendations for the successful deployment of ODTS in such regions.

Keywords: On-demand transit services, semi-urban areas, transportation, mobility, flexible transport solutions, ride-sharing, urbanization.

Authors: R. K. Mugelan, Dr. M. A. Bhagyaveni

Abstract: This paper describes the proposed Tele Reconnaissance And Surveillance [TRAS] ROVER which enables the person/personnel to monitor and acquire data of the environment. Here monitoring is done using 3G module that streams the live video of the environment to the users mobile phone using 3G technology, the geographical position of the field using GPS, it is also enabled with sound and obstacle sensor and the person /personnel can control the TRAS rover using GSM controller. To implement these features we make use of 3G-324 protocol technology, GPS (Global Positioning System) tracker, microphones and IR sensors which will be controlled using Microcontroller through a programming language. All the above information is accessed by person/personnel using a mobile phone through which he/she can view the location. Authentication of the person/personnel is performed in the micro controller using GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) data.

Author: V.G. Kiran Kumar

Abstract: The design and estimation of flexible pavement on Kandukur road of stretch 2 km by traffic counts, levelling and soil test. Traffic count is vehicular traffic which is along a particular road, path or intersection .A traffic count is commonly under taken either automatically or manually by observes who visually count and record traffic on a hand-held electronic device or tally sheet .Traffic count is very important to increase efficiency and life of road and reduces traffic volume at a particular section. Levelling is the process by which difference in height between two or more points can be determined. Common levelling instruments include the spirit level. The dumpy level, digital level and the laser level levelling in a branch of surveying the object of which is to find or establish the elevation of a given point with respect to given or assumed datum point or reference point California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is most commonly used test for designing of thickness of pavements. CBR test is penetration test for evaluation of mechanical strength of natural ground, sub-grade and base coarse beneath new carriage way construction CBR rating was developed for measuring the load bearing capacity of soil used for buildings, roads. The harder the surface the higher the CBR rating higher quality crushed rock as a CBR over 80.the standard material for this test is crushed California limestone which has valve of 100.CBR values of over 100 in well compacted areas. Estimation of flexible pavement was done by MORTH [ministry of road transport and highways] specifications and using excel sheets. Hence the design and estimation of flexible pavement is done by traffic counts, leveling and soil test.

Authors: Brijesh Kumar, Amrita Saraswat, Lalitesh Sharma

Abstract: The Urbanization is most dominating and contemporary process common all through the globe particularly in creating nations like India. To maintain the energetic development rate of economy and urbanization and to mitigate the issues emerging because of the development, an incorporated approach and manageable procedure is required. The comprehensive and savvy arranging is one such developing system to handle and relieve these issues. This paper endeavors to dissect and assess the requirement for the improvement and arranging of savvy city extends in the nation in accordance with different continuous ventures and the administration's proposition for advancement of the 100 brilliant urban areas all through the nation. The examination demonstrates that the urban communities are growing and new urban communities are being framed primarily by change and development from towns and towns because of fast urbanization. In any case, these urban communities need essential infrastructural administrations and different luxuries because of different reasons running from need in managerial what's more, administration conveyance system to absence of legitimate arranging vision, venture, administration, and to some degree evolving way of life, and so on. Some green field improvement like GIFT, Lavasa, Kochi Smart city and Nano City have begun yet are a long way from attractive to take into account the requests of the reasonable urban areas and urban focuses, subsequently there is a dire need to get ready for both green and cocoa field maintainable urban advancements in type of eco city alternately brilliant city or comparative undertakings to draw out an adjusted urban development and development.

Authors: Dr. Karthik Ramaswamy, Ms. Shreya Kulkarni

Abstract: The global transportation and logistics sector is undergoing a significant transformation driven by emerging technologies. Among these, blockchain stands out for its potential to bring transparency, security, and efficiency to freight tracking and logistics operations. This paper explores the role of blockchain in addressing long-standing challenges in the logistics industry, including data inconsistency, lack of visibility, and fraud. Through a decentralized ledger system, blockchain enhances traceability, improves shipment tracking, and strengthens trust among stakeholders. This paper outlines the key features of blockchain, its application in logistics, real-world use cases, and implementation challenges. Furthermore, the integration of blockchain with other technologies like IoT and AI is discussed, showcasing how combined innovation can unlock new efficiencies in supply chains. The study concludes that while blockchain presents vast potential for revolutionizing logistics, its full benefits depend on industry-wide collaboration, regulatory support, and overcoming technical barriers.

Keywords:Blockchain, Transportation, Logistics, Freight Tracking, Smart Contracts, Supply Chain, Decentralized Ledger, IoT Integration.

Authors: Abhishek Kumar, Amit Agarwal, Mohd. Khalid, Arbab Ali, Mani Mahesh

Abstract: Traffic Management Studies is a very crucial and important part of our system ,we are facing problems in traffic managing directions. Due to growing population, modern urbanization, increasing vehicle density, etc. In the recent past, traffic congestion has emerged one of the main challenges for engineers, planners and policy makers in urban areas. Modern social and economic structures, shaped by car-oriented urban development and rapid growth in vehicle ownership, have established congestion as an inescapable journey of urban life. The growing impact of congestion is seen in terms of deteriorating urban air quality besides other adverse effects on quality of urban living. The main focus of this study is aimed to understand the traffic management, its measurement and mitigation. Traffic Management can be generally defined as excess of demand for road travel. Different measurements are taken to reduce the traffic congestion by managing it in variety of form. Bridges, Highways, Subways, Underpass, Flyover, Ring Road(metropolitan), Parking facilities, are made to overcome the traffic problems.

Author: Ravinder Kumar 

Abstract: 

Design for new pavement is worked out in accordance with prevalent practices in the country. The design of new flexible pavement is carried out as per IRC: 37-2012 [1]. The pavement design is done using Mechanistic-Empirical principles with non conventional materials i.e. laying cemented base and cemented sub-base layer. The pavements were designed under different traffic conditions and different soil conditions. According to the output of design parameters the layer thicknesses are calculated.

 

Keywords: Pavement Design, Mechanistic-Empirical principles, Cemented Base

Authors: Dr. Aniket Sharma, Prof. Meenakshi Raghavan

Abstract: Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has significantly revolutionized structural mechanics by providing robust solutions to complex engineering problems. With increasing demands in engineering designs and analysis, continuous advancements have been made in meshing techniques, material modeling, and multiphysics simulation. This paper presents an in-depth overview of the recent advancements in FEA, emphasizing innovations that enhance accuracy, efficiency, and applicability in structural mechanics. It further explores key developments in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence integration. The paper concludes by identifying current challenges, educational impacts, and future research directions, offering a complete perspective on the evolution and application of FEA in modern engineering.

Keywords: Finite Element Analysis, Structural Mechanics, Advanced Meshing, Multiphysics Simulation, Computational Mechanics

Authors: Shivaprasad H, Chiranthana N, Gowtham Prasad M E, Shailaja M, Kiran S P, Chethan R, Kiran Kumar C M

Abstract: Automotive Axles Limited (AAL) was established in 1981, AAL is joining venture of kalyani group and Arvin Meritor Inc, USA. With manufacturing facilities located at Mysuru, the company is currently the largest independent manufacture of rear drive axle assemblies in country, over the year, automotive axle limited has developed an impressive domestic clientele that includes Ashok Leyland, Telco, Vehicle Factory, Jabalpur, Mahindra and Mahindra, Volvo and Bharat Earth Movers. The infrastructure at AAL spans highly specialized manufacturing process involves friction welding, CO2 welding, CNC machine, Flexible machine centre and a range of specially build machine for production of axle and brakes. The facilities also comprised Gleason gear manufacturing equipment backed by a modern heat treatment shop including continuous carbonizing and sealed quench furnaces. Range of rear drive axle catering to commercial vehicle ranging from 6 Tons to 35 Tons GCW, Scam actuated quick change air breaks for commercial vehicle and trailer axles for 10 Tons to 13 Tons GVW.

Authors : Dr. Rakesh Kumar , Prof. Priya Singh

Abstract : The rapid pace of urbanization has led to an increase in traffic congestion, air pollution, and sedentary lifestyles, prompting city planners to adopt sustainable and human-centric mobility solutions. Bicycle highways, or high-capacity cycling routes, have emerged as an innovative transportation element within smart cities. These infrastructure developments offer safe, fast, and dedicated pathways for cyclists, enabling eco-friendly commuting and supporting digital integration through smart sensors, real-time tracking, and intelligent traffic management. This paper explores the concept, design considerations, benefits, challenges, and integration strategies for bicycle highways in smart city frameworks. It examines global case studies, analyzes Indian urban transport dynamics, and proposes a blueprint for incorporating bicycle highways into India's developing smart cities. By embedding sustainability and technology in transportation planning, bicycle highways can serve as a transformative solution in the evolution of modern urban mobility.

 Keywords : Bicycle highways, smart cities, sustainable transport, urban mobility, cycling infrastructure, smart mobility

Authors: R. Naveen Kumar, Ms. Neha Bhosale

Abstract: The rapid expansion of e-commerce has significantly reshaped urban freight systems, bringing about both opportunities and challenges. While consumers enjoy the convenience of faster deliveries, the backend logistics have seen a dramatic increase in last-mile deliveries, fragmented supply chains, and increased traffic congestion. Urban areas, especially those with high population densities, are facing intensified pressure due to rising demand for delivery services. This paper investigates the multifaceted impact of e-commerce growth on urban freight, including infrastructure requirements, environmental concerns, operational inefficiencies, and evolving technological adaptations. It explores how stakeholders—from logistics providers to city planners—are rethinking traditional freight models to adapt to this digital revolution. The study also proposes sustainable strategies, such as consolidation centers, smart mobility technologies, and regulatory frameworks, aimed at improving the efficiency and environmental sustainability of urban freight systems.

Keywords: E-commerce, urban freight, last-mile delivery, smart logistics, traffic congestion, sustainability

Authors: Dr. Meenakshi Sharma, Prof. Richa Verma

Abstract: The evolution of digital technology has significantly transformed fare collection systems in public transportation. Traditional paper-based and manual ticketing methods are gradually being replaced with contactless, efficient, and secure systems using mobile wallets and Near Field Communication (NFC). This paper explores the technological shift toward mobile and NFC-enabled fare collection systems, analyzing the benefits, implementation challenges, user adoption trends, and impact on operational efficiency. It also highlights successful global case studies and suggests a framework for cities and transportation agencies aiming to transition to smart fare systems. The analysis shows that integrating mobile wallets and NFC into fare collection systems not only improves user experience but also reduces costs, enhances data analytics, and ensures seamless transit connectivity.

Keywords: Fare collection, Mobile wallets, NFC, Contactless payment, Public transport, Smart transit, Digital ticketing, Transit innovation.

Authors: P. R. Bamane, R.R. Mane

Abstract: While designing dams, number of factors, parameters is assumed. In most of the cases, the materials are tested in laboratories and designs are based on assumptions that the same results will be met with, during actual construction. As there are always large variations in materials, their properties, construction methods and their control, the actual product defers from the original assumptions. In this paper, instruments required to check the behaviour and stability of dams are discussed with their necessity, use and operation. These instruments prove to be much useful in proper maintenance of dam, and hence they should be installed under the guidance of experts at appropriate places in the dam. A conclusion has been arrived that there should be close co-operation between the designers, instrumentation specialist, expert analysis and site authorities to achieve the goal of instrumentation.

Authors: V.M.Naidu, CSRK Prasad, M.Srinivas, T.Praveen Sagar

Abstract: Trip rate is defined as the ratio of the Total number of trips generated per day to the Total population of the considered area. While considering a city as a study area it is difficult to relate the amount of trips that originate in that study area and the amount of trips attracted towards the study area in a conventional manner. This study brings out some basic Travel parameters that helps in estimating the number of trips in a study area. Relationship between Travel parameters and Trip rate has been established using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using different learning functions which reflects its performance level. In this study we have used learning functions TRAINLM, TRAINSCG which provided better results in establishing the relation between Trip rate and Trip rate parameters.

Author :  Dr. Neha Bansal

Abstract : The evolution of smart infrastructure is transforming the future of transportation systems. Smart pavement technologies using embedded sensors have emerged as a crucial innovation, enabling real-time monitoring of road conditions, traffic patterns, and structural health. These advanced systems integrate a variety of sensors such as piezoelectric, fiber optic, and wireless sensor networks into the pavement to gather critical data. This paper explores the fundamentals of smart pavements, highlights different types of embedded sensors, discusses the benefits and challenges associated with their deployment, and reviews real-world implementations. The integration of smart pavements into modern roadways promises enhanced traffic management, predictive maintenance, improved safety, and optimized urban planning. By addressing current limitations like sensor durability, data security, and high implementation costs, the future of smart pavement technology holds the potential to revolutionize road management practices worldwide.

Keywords : Smart Pavements, Embedded Sensors, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Structural Health Monitoring, Real-Time Data Collection