Journal of Research in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ISSN: 3107-4510 (Online)

Authors: Dr. Aniket Mahale, Shruti Kamat

Abstract: Biomass gasification presents a viable solution for addressing rural energy shortages, especially in regions where grid connectivity is poor or economically unfeasible. It is a thermochemical process that converts organic materials into combustible gases, providing a renewable and sustainable source of power. This paper explores the principles of biomass gasification, its technological evolution, types of gasifiers, and their operational mechanisms. A comprehensive analysis of its application in rural power supply is presented, highlighting economic, environmental, and social benefits. Despite its advantages, biomass gasification systems face several challenges such as feedstock variability, tar formation, and maintenance issues. The study evaluates the feasibility, efficiency, and scalability of biomass gasification systems in rural settings through case studies and performance metrics. Emphasis is placed on integrating biomass gasification into decentralized power systems and promoting local entrepreneurship. The paper concludes with policy recommendations and research directions necessary for advancing biomass gasification as a mainstream rural energy solution.

Keywords: Biomass gasification, rural electrification, renewable energy, decentralized power, energy sustainability.

Authors: Arpan Roy

Abstract: Robotic welding has become a transformative technology in the automotive industry, enabling manufacturers to meet the demands for greater efficiency, precision, and reliability. As vehicle designs become more complex and production volumes increase, traditional manual welding methods are no longer sufficient. Robotic welding systems, with their high-speed automation and advanced control features, provide unmatched consistency and throughput. This paper examines the significance of robotic welding in automotive manufacturing, exploring its applications, advantages, technical challenges, and future prospects. It highlights how robotics, when integrated with intelligent software and sensor technologies, are shaping the next generation of automotive production lines.

Keywords: Robotic Welding, Automotive Industry, Automation, Manufacturing, Welding Technology, Industrial Robotics.

Authors: Himashi Agarwal

Abstract: Pneumatic systems are widely used in automation across various industries due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high-speed operation. These systems operate by using compressed air to transmit and control energy, enabling mechanical motion and functions in automation setups. This paper explores the fundamental components, working principles, and applications of pneumatic systems in modern automation environments. It also highlights the advantages, limitations, and the integration of pneumatic technology with smart control systems such as PLCs and IoT. Emerging trends like electro-pneumatics and energy-efficient designs are discussed to reflect the current trajectory of development in this field.

Keywords: Pneumatic Systems, Automation, Compressed Air, Actuators, Electro-Pneumatics, PLC, Industry 4.0

Authors: Manoj Yadav, Piyush Malhotra

Abstract: The integration of mechatronics into agriculture has paved the way for the development of smart tools and systems that optimize productivity, reduce manual labor, and ensure resource-efficient farming practices. This paper explores the core components of mechatronic systems used in agriculture, including sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, communication modules, and software interfaces. Furthermore, it elaborates on the diverse applications of smart agricultural tools ranging from autonomous tractors to robotic harvesters and precision irrigation systems. The paper highlights the benefits of deploying these technologies and addresses the challenges associated with their adoption, providing insight into the future scope of mechatronics in sustainable farming.

Keywords: Mechatronics, Smart Agriculture, Autonomous Tractors, Precision Irrigation, Agricultural Drones, Sensors, Robotics.

Authors: Soumitra Sarkar, Ankit Chouhan

Abstract: Hydrokinetic energy systems, particularly hydrokinetic turbines, have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional hydroelectric power, especially for decentralized and off-grid applications. These systems harness the kinetic energy of flowing water without requiring dams or large infrastructure, making them environmentally friendly and suitable for low-impact deployment. In low-flow rivers, however, power generation faces several challenges including low velocity, seasonal variability, and ecological sensitivity. This paper explores the design considerations, operational principles, advantages, and challenges of hydrokinetic turbines in low-flow riverine environments. Special emphasis is placed on site assessment, turbine design optimization, and community-based deployment models.

Keywords: Hydrokinetic turbines, low-flow rivers, renewable energy, water velocity, decentralized energy, micro-hydropower

Authors: V. B. Vaidya

Abstract: The utilization of solar energy will be more relevant for developing countries whose energy requirements are increasing rapidly as a result of large-scale industrialization covers a large area of multiple applications. Installations of Solar Flat plate collector for tapping solar energy to some useful energy are the most frequently used in various solar thermal systems. From the present work the performances of the system both with and without wind shield were evaluated and compared. In a present solar system by adding the wooden windshields along perimeter of the flat plate solar energy collector creating the heat convective film that minimize the top loss coefficient by increasing the energy gained results enhancement in the heat flow rate from absorber plate to riser tubes. Hence, the efficiency of proposed system is more than the conventional system.

Keywords: Flat-plate solar collector, Heat transfer, Absorber plate, Thermal performance, Collector efficiency, Heat loss coefficient, Wind shield, Natural circulation

Authors: Dr.Suresh P.R., Jyothisankar P.R., Varun Krishnan R., Sanish P.C., Nimya Manoharan T.

Abstract: Today there is acute shortage of fresh drinking water in remote, coastal and rural areas of many countries. The only nearly inexhaustible source of water is the oceans. Their main drawback, however, is their high salinity. Therefore, it would be attractive to tackle the water-shortage problem with desalination of this water.
In the present work, effect of incorporating phase change material and fins on the performance of a single slope solar still is investigated. Experiments were performed on the still with and without incorporating fins. Daily yields of the still with and without fins were compared. It was observed that still daily yield was improved with the incorporation of fins. Energy and exergy analyses had also been carried out to assess the still’s performance by incorporating fins. It was observed that, the daily thermal and exergy efficiencies of the still were increased with fins.
The efficiencies of the simple still and still with fins are found to be 21.26% and 22.26% respectively. The efficiency is increased by 4.70% with fins. Total yield of simple still and still with fins were found to be 1960 ml/m2day and 2052 ml/m2day.
Daily exergy efficiencies of the simple still and still with fins are 1.24% and 1.47% respectively. Exergy efficiencies of the still are very low compared to the energy efficiencies.
As the water depth increases, yield decreases. The reason may be the storage of more heat energy is required for the evaporation. But too low water depths are also not appreciable due to the reason that salt accumulation decreases evaporation rate. Optimum water depth is found to be 2cm from the experiments.

Keywords: Solar Still, Fins, Still with fins, Exergy efficiencies of the simple still.

Authors: Dr. Rakesh N. Bhandari, Prof. Meenakshi V. Rao

Abstract:Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that integrates mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, and control engineering to design and manufacture useful products. The convergence of these disciplines has significantly transformed traditional mechanical systems, enhancing their performance, intelligence, and adaptability. This paper explores the application of mechatronics in modern mechanical systems from the standpoint of applied mechanics. It discusses the evolution of mechanical design, the integration of smart sensors and actuators, control systems, and real-time data processing in enhancing mechanical system performance. Additionally, the paper examines the challenges faced in integrating mechatronic systems and highlights future opportunities and scope in the area of applied mechanics.

Keywords: Mechatronics, Applied Mechanics, Smart Systems, Robotics, Dynamic Modeling

Authors : Dr. Aniket Sharma, Prof. Meenakshi Raghavan

Abstract: Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has significantly revolutionized structural mechanics by providing robust solutions to complex engineering problems. With increasing demands in engineering designs and analysis, continuous advancements have been made in meshing techniques, material modeling, and multiphysics simulation. This paper presents an in-depth overview of the recent advancements in FEA, emphasizing innovations that enhance accuracy, efficiency, and applicability in structural mechanics. It further explores key developments in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence integration. The paper concludes by identifying current challenges, educational impacts, and future research directions, offering a complete perspective on the evolution and application of FEA in modern engineering.

Keywords: Finite Element Analysis, Structural Mechanics, Advanced Meshing, Multiphysics Simulation, Computational Mechanics

Author: S. Kumaramanglam, Lalitha Reddy

Abstract: In this paper, stress analysis of a body subjected to external forces is presented with regards to different planes of the system. Cubical elements are the main topic of analysis here on which normal and shearing stresses are tested. The normal stress on a principal plane is also called the principal stress. The principal stress in a coordinate system of a particular orientation and with a specific positioning is studied.

Keywords: Stress Components, Cubical Eliments,3D Mohr’s circle representation

Authors: Kiran Shah, Arti Gupta

Abstract: In this paper, it is showcased that a designer of machinery must be familiar with all the properties of materials used as the materials need to be able to withstand stresses and strains of the machinery’s regular operation. The materials are subjected to various tests, after which stress curves are plotted which must be understood by a machine designer looking to ascertain its capacity to manage stress.

The aim of these tests is to determine various strength parameters of materials, such as elasticity, ductility, etc. This is essential to determine the magnitude of load it can take safely as part of a machine.

Keywords: Test Curves, Stress Curves, Test Peices

Authors: DR K. Ashok Reddy

Abstract:  A toroidal piston bowl was designed using Ansys software. Temperature distribution and total heat flux are presented in this work. We begin by presenting works of different authors on Toroidal piston and related subjects. By presenting our own experiment and conclusions later on in this paper, we provide a comprehensive analytical study of a Toroidal Piston using the Ansys software.

Keywords: Piston, Heat Flux, Temperature and Boundary Condition

Authors: Sandeep Patil, Anil Shinde

Abstract: Gas turbines are highly complex systems with many competing and increasingly onerous requirements, for example: lower emissions, improved availability and lower running costs. This means that future designs will be driven to be lighter in weight, operate at higher and higher temperatures and speeds to reduce fuel burn, whilst at the same time maintaining acceptable life and overall performance characteristics. However, it is important to recognise that all of these requirements must also be robust (insensitive) to the effects of variation (“noise”) to which the gas turbines will be subjected throughout their lives. In order to better identify solutions to these requirements a number of new technologies are being developed in research programmes and then applied in full engine programmes. As an example of this improvement activity, Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) has been applied to the design of a specific component – a High Pressure Turbine (HPT) disc – the result of which will then provide a template for a generic robust design process going forward that can produce better designs faster. The aim of this paper is to show how DFSS was applied, using a “DCOV” methodology, to result in a quantitatively robust HPT disc design. An overview of the DCOV methodology will be given including usage of some of the key tools, such as: Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Design of Experiments, Surrogate modelling, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Monte Carlo simulation, Data Mining and parameter design. This will be followed by a review of the DCOV process for the HPT disc example.

Keywords: Six Sigma, Aero Gas Turbine, High Pressure Turbine, Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)

Authors: Prof. U. A. Vibhute, B. R. Dube, D. A. Gavali, P .N. Lokhande, P. R. Satpute

Asstract: Nowadays, there is an increase in the number of vehicles releasing pollutants in the environment that are hazardous for human being. Till now, EGR, SCR and catalyst converters have been used to reduce percentage of NOx in the environment. This paper presents a new technique to reduce emissions from CI Engines. This paper presents a design of venture, a principle on which EGR system works. An exhaust reduction technique by using venture and urine solution is also suggested.