Journal of Research in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ISSN: 3107-4510 (Online)

Authors: Pratik R. Dhote, Swapanil Ambadare, Shubham Bawane, Vishnu Neware, Shubham Bhoyar, Shubham Meshram, Prof. Yogesh S. Kapnichor

Abstract: India is holy country & during lots of festival like ganesh visarjan, navratri durga puja & mainly Siahnsth kumbhmela there is lots of water pollution of Godavari River at Nashik. The water pollution is very important problem in rivers, ponds and water bodies near Godavari River at Nashik. Due to increase in water pollution in the form to waste debris; it is hampering the life of aquatic animal and make their life in danger. Similarly sometimes the aquatic animal tends to eats surface waste debris considering it as a food; which ultimately cause the death of animals.   Due to polluted water is are many skin deices to human kind are observed. So that to reduce the water pollution we are trying to make river cleanup machine. “River cleanup machine'' a machine which involves the removing the waste debris from water surface and safely dispose from the water body. The river cleanup machine works on hydropower to extract waste water debris, plastics & garbage from Godavari River at Nashik.

Keywords: Water debris, Plastic, Garbage, Pollution, Hydro power, River cleanup machine

Authors:-Dr. D.V. Srikanth, M. Bhojendra Naik, Mr. R. Suvarna Babu

Abstract:-In order to advance the mechanical properties, a traditional physical growth process was useful to a lithium disilicate (LD) glass-ceramic with a dual-phase microstructure consisting of a glassy matrix and LD crystals. The main objective of this work was to make a microstructure graded glass-ceramic and examine the resulting properties as a gathering of crystallization processing. The preferred glass-ceramic was a lithium disilicate material that has a crystallization rise across the sample, leading to functionally graded properties as a effect of the microstructure rise . Samples were prepared by melting and bucketing glass at 1400°C, annealing at 410°C for 48 hours, and nucleating at 470°C for 2 hours. To ensure that crystallization would not occur homogeneously throughout the sample, a temperature rise was imposed during crystallization. Samples were crystallized on a self-constructed resistance wire furnace that was open to air. Several crystallization processing parameters were tested, including high temperature for a short time and low temperature for a long time. Samples were ground and polished to 0.25 microns before categorization methods were performed. Raman spectroscopy showed a transformation of the characteristic spectra across the sample cross section, with defined, high-intensity peaks on the crystalline side and broad, low-intensity peaks on the glassy side. Micro-hardness showed a slight transition in hardness values across the sample cross section, however the unevenness was too large to draw any conclusions. The description methods showed that the preferred material was formed and the ensuing properties were a gathering of the crystallization processing parameters.

Authors: Adarsh Kulkarni, Nagamadhu M, S K Sachin, Vishaldutt VKohir4

Abstract: A study has been made in identifying and isolating effects of cutting conditions on cutting forces. Machining tests were conducted using sharp tool and the effects of cutting parameters were studied. In the presented study experiments were conducted on EN8 steel at different cutting parameters. Here chatter starting point length is measured from the free edge of the work piece.

Experiments were conducted on a precision center lathe and the influence of cutting parameters was studied using DOE. Based on the main effects plots obtained through full factorial design, optimum level for surface roughness and cutting force were chosen depth of cut, and the interaction  of feed and depth of cut significantly influenced the variance. In case of surface roughness, from the three levels of cutting parameters considered Linear regression equation of cutting force has revealed that feed, the influencing factors were found to be feed and the interaction of speed and feed. As turning of EN8 steel using HSS is one among the major machining operations in manufacturing industry, the revelation made in this research would significantly contribute to the cutting parameters optimization.

Keywords: EN8, Surface Roughness, Design of Experiments (DOE)

Authors:-Munia Farzana  ,  Nasrin Akhter 

Abstract:-Wheelchair is a very popular assistive device useful for the people for whom walking is difficult or impossible due to injury, paralysis, some illness and disability. Till now there is huge variety of wheelchair according to their method, controlling mechanism, technology and differing by propulsion. The miscellany among users creates a need for different types of wheelchair, no single model or technology of wheelchair can meet the needs of all users. The aim of our project is to develop a low cost gesture control wheelchair by addition of some new parameters from the perspective of Biomedical Engineer and Physical Therapists. In our system the wheelchair is controlled by physically disabled or paralyzed person without help from other with some limited and very simple movements of hand or head.  In our proposed model ultrasonic sensors is added which help to detect obstacle and make the wheelchair stops. As well as it has a remote alarm which gives alert by an automatic phone call when smoke is detected. In this project we approach to changing the physical gesture of hand or head into electrical signal and then to process that signal into digital signal of appropriate magnitude and to be transmitted through the transmitter. Accelerometer is used to control the movement of wheelchair and GSM which stands for Global System for mobile communication is used for making phone calls. As per our knowledge, the proposed model of wheelchair will be the best for disabled people of developing countries due simple technology and cost effective.

Author: Shilpa Kapoor

Abstract: Cantilever beams are fundamental structural elements widely used in mechanical, civil, and aerospace engineering. Their dynamic behavior under vibrational loads is critical for ensuring the reliability and safety of structures. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the free and forced vibration characteristics of cantilever beams using theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches. The study investigates the natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping characteristics of beams under varying boundary conditions, cross-sectional geometries, and material properties. Analytical methods such as Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories are discussed, along with finite element modeling for high-precision simulations. The results provide insights into the impact of geometric and material parameters on vibrational responses, aiding in the design of vibration-resistant structures.

Keywords: Cantilever beam, Natural frequency, Vibration analysis, Mode shapes, Finite element method (FEM), Damping.

Authors: Dilip Sutraway*, Syed Abbas Ali, Altaf Hussain Bagawan, Shashikant Nimbalkar

Abstract: In the present work, the biodiesel is prepared from simarouba and used as fuel in CI engine. This study investigates the influence of injection timing of blended simarouba biodiesel on performance and emission parameters. The effect of varying fuel injection timing such as  23˚bTDC Normal, 26˚bTDC Advanced, 23˚bTDC Retarded is evaluated in terms of Brake thermal efficiency, Brake specific fuel consumption, Mechanical Efficiency, Exhaust gas temperature, CO, HC, CO2, NOx and smoke density. Transesterification of vegetable oils is carried out by using methanol and sodium hydroxide. The Simarouba Oil Methyl Ester (SOME) has been tested in a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine coupled with an eddy current dynamometer. Experiments are conducted on the engine at different loads and different injection timing. It is found that at 23˚bTDC injection timing and at 220 bar fuel injection pressure & blend S20 has given better results than other blends and it is also observed that, the emission are also less as compared to diesel.

Keywords: Simarouba oil methyl ester, performance, exhaust emissions, injection timing.

Authors: Md. Rafiquzzaman, Md. Imran Hossain, Akydur Rahman

Abstract: Natural fibers from agricultural wastes are finding their importance in the polymer industry due to the many advantages such as their light weight, low cost and being environmentally friendly. Rice straw is agricultural byproducts which is vegetative part of the rice plant and available in Bangladesh. As a type of natural fiber obtained from agricultural byproducts, rice straw can be used as filler in composites materials in various polymer matrices. In this study, an attempt has been made to fabricate rice straw fiber based polymer composite and evaluation its mechanical performances.  For this composite preparation, rice straw fibers were used as reinforcement and the epoxy resin (ADR 246 TX) was used as the matrix. The fabrication of the composite is done by using hand layup techniques. Different fiber weight % (10, 20, 30 and 40 weight %) are used to prepare the composite.  The composite thus made was tested for its mechanical properties like tensile test, flexural test, and impact test. Results showed that the tensile strength of the rice straws composites increased with increasing fibers weight fraction. The similar results were found that the flexural strength and impact strength also increased with increasing fibers weight fraction in the composites.

Keywords: Polymer composite, Rice straw fiber, Mechanical performance

Authors:-Saravana Kumar. R, Sampath Kumar .S, Rajendra Kumar .S

Abstract:-Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing work pieces without melting the work piece material.[1] Heat is generated by friction between the rotating tool and the work piece material, which leads to a softened region near the FSW tool. While the tool is traversed along the joint line, it mechanically intermixes the two pieces of metal, and forges the hot and softened metal by the mechanical pressure, which is applied by the tool, much like joining clay, or dough.[1] It is primarily used on wrought or extruded aluminium and particularly for structures which need very high weld strength. FSW is an eco-friendly process because there is no fumes production and no filler material. To get high quality of weld, then high heat should be generated. In this paper, AA6063 and AA7075 alloy material is welded by En8 tool with different parameters and quality of weld is examined by using a non-destructive testing method called Ultrasonic and Radiography inspections. FSW is also found in modern shipbuilding, trains, and aerospace applications.

Author:-Surendra Kumar

Abstract:-The present work investigates the mechanical nature of AA6082 aluminums alloy reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Graphite. With the stir casting composite is made.Tensile strength and hardness test were conducted to find out the properties of the meatal matrix composite. Tensile strength and hardness test results for casted synthesis were plotted in Microsoft excel and compared with alloy AA6082.The results show that there is increasing in the mechanical properties of the casted composite with increasing the particles percentage up to the certain limit.

Authors: Posimsetti Hanuma, Dr. Kondapalli Siva Prasad

Abstract: Precision welding is a key step in the manufacturing of thin walled metal bellows, diaphragms, sensors etc. and for this; a welding process must reliably maintain tight operational tolerance without interfering with product function. The present work is focused on pulsed current Micro Plasma Arc Welding (MPAW) welding of Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) metal. Peak current, back current, Pulse rate and Pulse width are chosen as welding parameters, whereas Front width and Back width of the weld bead are considered as output responses. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is done in ANSYS workbench R15.0 at different peak currents keeping base current, pulse rate and pulse width constant. The values of front width and back width obtained experimentally and FEA are compared and % error is found.

Keywords: Plasma arc welding, FEA analysis, welding parameters, titanium (ti-6Al-4V).

Authors: Somnath Sarak, Hole J.A.

Abstract: Due to their low cost, light weight and corrosive resistant features, polymer heat exchangers have been studied intensively by researchers with the aim to replace metallic heat exchangers in a wide range of applications. This paper reviews the development of polymer heat exchangers in the last decade, including cutting edge material characteristics and heat transfer enhancement methods of polymer materials and a wide range of polymer heat exchanger applications. Theoretical modelling and experimental testing results have been reviewed and compared with literature. A recent development, the polymer micro-hollow fibre heat exchanger, is introduced and described. It is shown that polymer materials do hold promise for use in the construction of heat exchangers in many applications, but for this a lot of research is still required into material properties, thermal performance and life-time behaviour.

Keywords: Polymer Heat Exchanger, Thermal Conductivity, Effectiveness

Authors:-Vijay A. Kamble*, Dr. Vasudev D. Shinde**, Dr. Jayant K. Kittur

Abstract:-Load cells are designed using theories of thin rings which plays vital role in various applications like calibration of material testing machines, force monitoring in different cutting tools, agricultural applications, loading in hardness testing machines etc. In the present study, different ring-shaped load cell like square, hexagonal, octagonal, circular load cells has been studied using finite element analysis. The study provides scope for the effect of shape over strain, deflection induced in the load cell. Comparison of strain induced in different load cell elements results that circular shaped load cell is most sensitive. But less defection is required to get equivalent strain in octagonal ring than the circular ring. So it is advisable that for the development of load cells octagonal shape should be preferred than circular shape.

Authors:-SaravanaKumar.R, Sampath Kumar.S, RajendraKumar.S

Abstract:-Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has high specific strength and stiffness so that finds its applications in automobile and aerospace components. Since Ti alloy is very hard it is quite challenging to the machining by conventional machining. Abrasive Water jet machining is more suitable to machine Ti alloy as there is the absence of Heat affected zone. The objective of the work is to optimize the response parameters like Material removal rate and surface roughness while varying the input parameters like pressure, stand-off distance, abrasive size and mass flow rate. The influence of process parameters was found while machining Ti alloy using Abrasive Water Jet Machining.

Authors:-Amol Suresh Nankar, D. A. Deshmukh

Abstract:-Cutting operation is very essential aspect in manufacturing scenario. Application of coating on tool surface helps to improve tribological properties of surface such as wear and coefficient of friction of the surface. Cutting life time of a tool material is significantly affected by wear. The performance of various coatings on tool material is inspected by studying the variation of its two properties viz. wear & coefficient of friction. These essential tribological properties have been evaluated by using pin on disc test. This paper is focused on various low friction coatings such as TiN, CrN and DLC coating on High speed steel T-42 pin as a base material. This paper deals with the study of performance parameters like speed, sliding distance and load compared between different coated HSS-T42 pin base materials. Taguchi method is used under the performance parameter & L9 orthogonal array is selected to perform experiment on pin on disc of the specimen. The EN31 steel material is selected as work piece material. The response value found out by using coefficient of friction which was obtained from pin on disc test. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis for compared different coated pin for micro structural test.

Author: Dr. Aniket Sharma

Abstract: Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has significantly revolutionized structural mechanics by providing robust solutions to complex engineering problems. With increasing demands in engineering designs and analysis, continuous advancements have been made in meshing techniques, material modeling, and multiphysics simulation. This paper presents an in-depth overview of the recent advancements in FEA, emphasizing innovations that enhance accuracy, efficiency, and applicability in structural mechanics. It further explores key developments in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence integration. The paper concludes by identifying current challenges, educational impacts, and future research directions, offering a complete perspective on the evolution and application of FEA in modern engineering.

Keywords: Finite Element Analysis, Structural Mechanics, Advanced Meshing, Multiphysics Simulation, Computational Mechanics

Authors: P. Pathmanaban, D. Karthi, P. Thennarasu

Abstract: The purpose of the present work is to analyze surface finish and tool wear on Glass fiber– reinforced plastic composites in turning operation faced out by the manufactures. In machining processes, maximum surface finish and less tool wear are important factors influencing the quality of the surface, tool life, and production output. Thus, the selection of tool and optimizing machining parameters are essential for perfect machining. Machining of GFRP material is difficult to carry out due to its anisotropic properties and nonhomogeneous structure. The surface finish and tool wear with different parameters viz. speed, feed, depth of cut, fiber orientation and diameter of fiber should be taken very carefully during turning operation to optimize the desirable machining parameters for best quality as well as productivity.

Keywords: Surface finish; Tool wear; Turning, GFRP; Machining Parameters.

Authors:-Pankaj B. Ranade, Pooja J. Ugale, Shreyash C. Pagare, Tushar R. Pathade, Dhananjay S. Shende

Abstract:-Stamping is the process of creating either raised or recessed symbol patterns, images and designs in paper, rubber and other materials. A stamping pattern is raised or sunken into the surface of the material to get the desired impressions. The recent practice of industry includes stamping units with rigidly fixed pulley structure. But it has a difficulty while changing the stamping symbols. These stamping symbols are also called stereos. The stamping unit needs to be fully opened for changing the stereos. Also the stereos get detached along with the working compound in operating condition. This process is time consuming. To overcome this difficulty a separate lock and key arrangement can be made to change various stereos. So the object of our project is to change the current design of stamping unit with new design of lock and key arrangement and recreate the stamping unit which will make the process quick. Then it can be implemented and the same can be checked for performance.

Authors: Yogita Sharma, Mohpreet Singh

Abstract: Today the aim of the manufacturing companies is to reduce all types of wastes which are; man, money, material and mechanical their properties through the system simplification, organizational potential by using modern techniques. To remain the market leader many types of refinements are used to make the product cheaper and system efficient. Now day, various automotive and cycle industry starts to use the plastic components instead of different costly and heavy metals. So in the chaotic scenario the natural fiber composites are widely used for this addible purpose. Today the aim of the manufacturing companies is to reduce all types of wastes which are; man, money, material and mechanical their properties through the system simplification, organizational potential by using modern techniques. To remain the market leader many types of refinements are used to make the product cheaper and system efficient. Now day, various automotive and cycle industry starts to use the plastic components instead of different costly and heavy metals. So in the chaotic scenario the natural fiber composites are widely used for this addible purpose.

Authors:-G. Mari Prabu, M. Vijayasankar

Abstract:-Aircraft wing Ribs are attached with Forward and Aft spar and connected to skin through shear ties and stringer clips. Aircraft wing Rib webs are designed for shear resistant and Intermediate Diagonal Tension. Generally wing ribs have lightening holes and holes for fuel systems, tubes, etc., This paper investigates the shear buckling of wing rib web panel with and without hole subjected to shear loads. The stability of the web panel will reduce by having the holes. In order to increase shear buckling strength of a web panel with hole, a reinforcement to be given around the hole. The detailed analysis of panel with reinforced hole is presented in this paper. Shear buckling strength is compared for the following cases,

i. Web without hole,

ii. Web with hole and

iii. Web with reinforced hole.

The analysis is carried out in ANSYS Workbench for the wing rib web without, with hole and with hole reinforcement.

Author: Dr. Vinayak Deshmukh

Abstract: Wireless communication has evolved significantly over the past few decades, transforming from basic radio transmissions to sophisticated multi-layered networks enabling high-speed data transfer. With the increasing demand for connectivity, technologies such as 5G, Wi-Fi 6, and satellite communication have become pivotal in shaping the future of wireless networks. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in wireless communication has further enhanced network efficiency and reliability. This paper explores the latest advancements in wireless communication technologies, including massive MIMO, beamforming, edge computing, and terahertz (THz) communication. It also examines challenges related to spectrum scarcity, security threats, and energy consumption. Furthermore, the study highlights potential future developments, including 6G networks and quantum communication, which could revolutionize global connectivity. By providing an in-depth analysis of recent innovations, this paper aims to contribute to the understanding of wireless communication’s trajectory and its implications for industries, smart cities, and everyday users.

Keywords: Wireless networks, 5G and 6G, MIMO technology, Terahertz communication, Artificial intelligence

Authors : Kavya Sharma1, Nikhil Kumar2

Abstract : Autonomous navigation is a cornerstone of modern robotics and intelligent transportation systems. Among the sensory technologies utilized for such systems, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) has gained prominence due to its high-precision depth information. This paper explores the use of LiDAR in autonomous path planning, highlighting its integration with algorithms such as A*, Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT), and Deep Reinforcement Learning for dynamic, real-time environment mapping and decision-making. Challenges including sensor noise, occlusions, and computational cost are addressed, along with emerging solutions like 3D semantic segmentation, sensor fusion, and edge AI implementations. Experimental evaluations and simulation studies further demonstrate the effectiveness of LiDAR in dynamic and cluttered environments. The paper concludes by emphasizing future directions for improving accuracy, robustness, and adaptability in autonomous path planning using LiDAR technology.

Keywords : LiDAR, Autonomous Navigation, Path Planning, RRT, A Algorithm, SLAM, Sensor Fusion, Obstacle Avoidance

Authors: Amol A. Dhakane, Ramdas B. Shinde, Nilesh M. Wakte

Abstract: Paper reviews the tribological behavior of polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) composites with filler materials such as Bronze, GF & Carbonunder parameters like varying load, sliding distance and velocity on pin on disc apparatus. The highest wear resistance found for composites with containing PTFE+25% C followed by PTFE+25% GF &PTFE+25% Bronze composition.

Authors:-M. Prasanth Kumar , M. Raja Roy , P. Chandrasekhar, Dr. B. Naga Raju

Abstract:-Substituting composite structures for conventional metallic structures has Vibration analysis of a cantilever beam system is important as it can explain and help to analyze a number of real life systems like bridges and balconies; there by helpful in making design changes accordingly for the most efficient systems. In cantilever bridges the cantilevers are usually built as pairs, with each cantilever used to support one end of a central section. Another use of the cantilever is in fixed-wing aircraft design. Cantilevered beams are the most ubiquitous structures in the field of micro electro mechanical systems. The undesirable vibration creates excessive stress in the machine element, undesirable noise, failure of machine parts etc. Hence reduction of undesirable vibrations is essential. In this present investigation, vibration of a damped cantilever beam is experimentally analyzed. The experiment was done at different damping conditions i.e., light, medium, fully damped conditions using various oils. The oils used for the experiment include Hydraulic oil (68), Hydraulic oil (46), Engine oil (HP90), and Gear oil (1540). The effect of speed of the motor mounted on the cantilever beam is also included on the study. Further, the effect of different spring materials used i.e., stainless steel, spring steel, mild steel on the amplitude of vibration is also done. The experiment is repeated for different loading positions.

Authors: Mandeep Singh, Neeraj Bhargava

Abstract: ob-shop scheduling is a general case of flow shop scheduling, in which the sequencing of each job through the machines is not necessarily identical. In this study an attempt is made to develop a new approach using Firefly Algorithm which is a nature inspired algorithm is used based on the flashing light of fireflies. The proposed metaheuristic is used to solve the multi-objective job-shop scheduling problem. The firefly algorithm is highly efficient technique, inspired by the flashing behavior of the firefly used to explore the solution space that has the higher chance of containing global optimum. Benchmark problems are solved using the proposed algorithm and the results are compared. The computational results show that the proposed approach is an efficient way to solve multi objective job shop scheduling problems. Gant chart is used to provide a more visualizing image of the optimal solution obtained and to aid comparison with other solutions.

Author: Jatin Rawal

Abstract: Pick-and-place robotic arms have become integral to modern automation systems across industries such as manufacturing, logistics, agriculture, and healthcare. These robotic systems are designed to automate the process of picking up objects from one location and placing them at another with precision and efficiency. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the design considerations, mechanical architecture, kinematic modeling, actuation methods, and control systems employed in pick-and-place robotic arms. It also addresses recent advancements in machine vision and AI integration for enhanced performance. Emphasis is placed on lightweight materials, modular designs, and the use of microcontrollers and embedded systems. The goal is to understand the challenges and opportunities in creating cost-effective, reliable, and intelligent robotic arms for versatile pickand-place operations.

Keywords: Pick-and-place robot, robotic arm design, automation, microcontroller, kinematics, end-effector, servo motor, workspace.