Smart Computing- Book ISBN- 978-81-953658-1-4

Authors:- Shivangi Patel, Naitik Kyada, Rushit Harkhani, Nirav Bavadiya, Urvashi Rakholiya,

Abstract :-Wireless sensor network applications are applicable in many significant areas like human healthcare observations, defence monitoring, environmental observations, infrastructure monitoring, etc. There are many issues & challenges like security, scalability, storage, network lifetime etc., in the wireless sensor network. To overcome the issues & challenges, Sensor Cloud (SC) becomes a significant element of the current research era. Sensor cloud is the combination of two unique technologies in one form. So, as far as fabulous data collecting capabilities of wireless sensor networks and because of the robust data storage and process capabilities of cloud computing, Sensor Cloud integration is attracting increased focus from academic and industrial purposes. Virtualization is a crucial concept of Sensor Cloud in which more than one application simultaneously executes on every sensor device. For monitoring and controlling several applications, Sensor Cloud provides us open, flexible, and adjustable platform. Here focus on the critical discussion regarding Sensor Cloud Architecture which will give us Sensor Cloud Design, Applications, Issues & Challenges. We will discuss Social Sensor Cloud in our proposed work in which we will design an algorithm for both parameter energy efficiency and security through Virtualization. Our work will help Academician as well as industry people with the design and development of sensor cloud.

Keywords: - Wireless Sensor Network, Cloud Computing, Virtualizatoion, Sensor Cloud, Research, Virtual Sensor, Physical Sensor.

Authors:- Desle Nikesh, Patel Bhumik, Patel Dhruval, Patel Dhruvil, Prashant Sahatiya

Abstract :-IoT (Internet of things) technology becomes mandatory to real world problems to make them easy. IoT also takes part in the world in terms of our healthcare. Right now, there are many IoT applications available to solve real-world common problems. One of them is a saline monitoring system. Whenever a patient feels very bad, they need to recover through the saline bottle, then saline bottling to the patient. After that, the nurse should continuously check the level of the bottle. Our saline monitoring system involves a nurse monitoring the status of multiple patient's saline bottles simultaneously. The traditional system becomes complicated for the nurse to note each patient information and its status. So, to eliminate this issue, an IoT based Smart Bottle in the healthcare system is being developed, which could help the patient and a nurse in the hospital. This system measure saline level then transmits data through the server platform to the central Web Application. The system will continuously monitor the saline level as well as maintain the patient's data.

Keywords: - Load Cell, ESP8266 server, IoT, Buzzer, Health Monitoring, Arduino controller, Web Application.

Authors:- Anirudhdhsinh Jadeja, Sandeep Jangir, Vishwas Kumar

Abstract :-This article mainly focuses on the necessary privacy concerns of users and updating features of current techniques by adopting robust features and securing weak points. This article suggests working with two platforms, web-based and app-based, to share data more efficiently. Focusing on current requirements, only a single source protocol is used. Data about positive persons should be uploaded by authorised laboratories only and accessed from a single source only. This will help to get more accurate data about positive cases. Instead of focusing on each user's data, it focuses on data of different areas, which helps decide which area is sensitive. Secure location service is added to help people maintain social distance, ensuring that the user's destination is safe. All processes are done locally, and data is kept secure in local storage, enhancing users' privacy. This way, user's privacy and efficiency both are preserved.

Keywords: - Privacy, Public Safety, Tracing, Transportation

Authors:- Nilesh V Parmar, Simran Patel, Naveen Gounder, Raviraj Jaiswal

Abstract :-Automatic Streetlight Controlling is not only for smart cities and facilities purpose, but it is necessary because of 30% to 40% of electricity consumed by streetlight system in which some of the streetlight is in ON condition even during the daytime. The main motive of this paper is to make a wireless lighting system that can turn on automatically during the night and turn off during the day. An idea is implemented in such a way that the light will be switching on with minimum intensity and will glow with the maximum intensity only in the presence of vehicles and human on the road at night-time. Computer vision technology will be used for object detection. When the fault occurs in the system then the SMS will be sent to the user, with location and which pole has a fault. We will create a Database which will be used to store the data of lights, including light number, location etc.

Keywords: - Sensor technology, Sensor node, camera node, Wireless sensor network, visual sensor network, Object detection, light dimmer, Raspberry pi, Lora WAN, GPS & GSM, Database.

Authaors:- Kajal Rajput, Maitri Desai, Samiksha Dubey, Priti Panchal, Jignasha Parmar

Abstract :-A career Guidance System where students can see various career opportunities. Fields available after graduation. It also lists multiple colleges available where students can search colleges by their courses. The system also includes an eBooks page. Here users may click to read career guidance opportunities in the application. Even some students need to go abroad after graduation or do a master's from a well-known college. For them, we can give link of test and provide they further guidance and one to one counselling via chat, voice call or video call. We will also provide career guidance for the people or students facing mental health like depression, etc., for their wellness and positive attitude.

This application will be an open platform for all the students and the counsellor seeking such a platform for their counselling. We also provide a feature of selecting the language manually for better interaction with the counsellor and the student, as people coming from a backward area or different mediums like Hindi, Gujarati, etc., can choose their languages and do the counselling session accordingly. There will also be a blog where students' achievements and experiences will be shown or written (Success Stories).

Keywords:- Inference Web, Data Compression, Bayesian Network & E-Learning, UTAUT, Firebase Cloud Messaging.

Authors:-Urvashi Rakholiya, Chirag patel, Ankita Gandhi, Hetal Bhaidasna

Abstract :-Picture recovery and characterisation in the food field have increasingly concerned examination points in interactive media investigation and applications. In ongoing years, with the quick advancement of the Internet business and sight and sound innovation, picture order and recovery innovation has become an exploration hotspot at home and abroad. Based on this, this paper proposes research on food image classification and image retrieval methods based on visual features, machine learning, CNN, R-CNN network and uses an adaptive learning rate is presented for training neural networks. Most probably conventional updating methods in which the learning rate gradually decreases and increases during the training period. Experiments with well-known datasets to train a multilayer perceptron show that the proposed method effectively obtains better test accuracy under certain conditions.

Keywords:- Deep Learning, CNN; Food Dataset; Food Recognition; Machine Learning; CNN Classifications.

 

 

Author:- Margini Raval

Abstract :-Among the five senses, Vision is perhaps a special sense gifted by God to human beings. With the help of our eyes, we can see the things that happen in day to day life. But some visually impaired people can't experience these things. With the advancement of technology, Assistive devices are developed for the benefit of blind people. Nowadays, blind people are usually seen with the Cane (Blind stick) as their assistive device. Due to this device, they have to hold it in their hand. GPS (Global System for Mobile Communication) based system can't be affordable for a common person. This system focuses on a technology that is usually worn around the waist as an obstacle detector. This paper presents ultrasonic based path planning for blind people by detecting the obstacles nearby them. In this device, an ultrasonic sensor detects obstacles up to 4m. This proposed system uses Microcontroller interfacing with the arrays of ultrasonic sensors for detecting the obstacle in three different directions (Front, Right and left). It uses speech and vibrational feedback to aware blind people. According to the detected direction of the obstacle, the pre-recorded audio files stored in MP3 Module is played, and blind people get a message through an earphone. And it also helps deaf people by interfacing the microcontroller with the vibration motor (DC Motor).  So by this vibration motor, deaf people can feel the response through vibration and change their path. Now it's time to change the world of visually challenged people by just wearing such assistive devices on their bodies and live their life as per their comfort zone.

Keywords: - AVR 8-bit microcontroller, Ultrasonic Sensors, Mp3 Module, Vibration Motor.

Author:- Asha Sinch

Abstract :-The device consists of a rectangular enclosed zone in which the infant is placed, and an overhead heater that delivers radiant heat and a fan which is used for cooling purpose. Temperature sensor LM35 is used for temperature monitoring purpose, which measures the temperature of baby. Heat output can be control through (feedback mode) for thermoregulation. Temperature is displayed on LCD as well as on PC for monitoring purposes. Visual and audio alarms are present for safety.

Keywords: - Temperature sensor, Microprocessor, Controlling unit, Heater.

Authors:-Vishakha Khambhati, Dimpal Khambhati

Abstract :-Nowadays, for the diagnosis of several diseases and to limit some dangerous diseases to spread up, can be easily done with the help of physiological signals of human beings, such as temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate etc. For example, Heart rate precisely and reliably plays a significant role in the primary recognition of heart attack and several heart rate associated syndromes. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an outstanding strategy that can be utilized to measure Heart Rate Variability (HRV). This paper depicts a strategy for handling electrocardiogram signals (ECG) to recognize Heart Rate Variability (HRV). The HRV gives data about the thoughtful parasympathetic autonomic dependability and subsequently about the danger of unpredicted heart demise. We have actualized our technique utilizing MATLAB on ECG signal which is gotten from MIT/BIH arrhythmia database. In this strategy, first the ECG signal is pre-processed by band-pass filter; later the Hilbert Transform is applied on filtered ECG signal to improve the nearness of QRS peak. By computing Hilbert transform and applying moving window integration R-Peaks are identified. R-Peaks are detected by setting a threshold and after that RR-intervals are calculated to determine Heart Rate. Our MATLAB implementation results in the detection of QRS Complexes in ECG signal, locate the R-Peaks, computes Heart Rate (HR) by calculating RR-internal and plotting of HR signal to show the information about HRV.

Keywords: - Physiological signal, ECG, QRS Complex, R Peaks, Heart rate, Hilbert transform, MIT-BIH Arrhythmia, MATLAB

Authors:-Harsh Pandey, Priyank Parmar, Bhavin Pandya, Meet Panchal, Vishal Kumar Sandhwar

Abstract :-Water is one of the most important key for life. Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, huge amount of wastewater is generated on daily basis. Several hazardous pollutants are present in wastewater therefore it is very necessary to treat the wastewater before its use and discharge and it also becomes very evident to treat wastewater in order to fulfil the basic needs of freshwater. Moreover, among several pollutants, heavy metal present in the wastewater have severe hazardous impact on human being as well as on environmental, therefore removal of heavy metals from wastewater must be done before its utilization. There are various treatment techniques for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater viz. adsorption, ion exchange, solvent extraction, precipitation etc. But due to have some limitations like low efficiency, less economical, more energy consumption, non-ecofriendly etc. these methods are not so much effective. Membrane process is one of the effective methods for wastewater treatment and it also overcomes these limitations. Now a day, liquid membrane emerges as an efficient technique among membrane separation process. The present review paper deals with the type of liquid membranes used to specifically remove the heavy metals such as cadmium and cobalt from wastewater.

Keywords: - Wastewater, Heavy metals, Liquid Membrane, Emulsion, Cost effective

Authors:-Sudhanshu Singh, Shivendu Saxena

Abstract :-The distillation process is a very useful mass transfer operation in different industries like food, chemical, and petrochemical. This research work is focused on the experimental comparison between the performance of the batch distillation module to the microchannels based distillation module based on separation and product purity. A stainless-steel, Y-junction microchannel, of hydraulic diameter 0.85 mm having dimension 90mm X 1mm X 0.75mm (LX W X D) has been fabricated through mechanical engraving technique. A binary mixture of 50% w/w of acetic acid + n-hexane was used as a test sample in the batch and micro-distillation module. The effect of resistance time, system temperature on distillation efficiency, and mole fraction in both the systems have been compared. The maximum separation and purity have been observed in the microchannel distillation module for the same residence time. Experimentally, the mole fraction of n-hexane in distillate product has been observed as 0.9652 for distillate and 0.18 for bottoms in microchannels-based distillation while in batch distillation it was observed in 0.81 to 0.36 of n-hexane mole fraction in distillate and bottom product, respectively.

Keywords: - Microchannel; Separation; Y-junction; Distillation; Residence time

Authors:- Priya Saxena, Parag Saxena

Abstract :-Textile and dyeing sectors are highly water intensive sectors. Typically, untreated dye wastewaters are intensely coloured and highly resistant to biodegradation due to their complex chemical structures.In the present work, the decolorization and removal of Reactive Red 195 (RR-195) textile dye in aqueous medium by employing electrocoagulation technique using aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) sacrificial anodes has been investigated. The treatment efficiency is analysed in terms of percentage decolorization of 25 mg/L of RR-195 dye solution at an initial pH of 7.7 and a current density of 6 mA/cm2 in 2 g/L NaCl electrolyte medium for an electrolysis duration of 30 min. The present study proves the efficacy of electrocoagulation, with Fe-Fe electrode pair resulting in a higher RR-195 dye decolorization efficiency of 96.4% as compared to 84.7% for Al-Al electrode pair.Pseudo-first order kinetic constant (k) values were observed to be 0.0618 min-1 and 0.1258 min-1 for Al-Al and Fe-Fe electrode pairs respectively implying higher dye decolourization and removal rates exhibited by Fe-Fe electrode pair.

Keywords: - Electrocoagulation (EC),Reactive textile dye, Reactive Red 195, Aluminium (Al) electrode, Iron (Fe) electrode, Electrolysis, Decolourization, Kinetics

Authors:- Saurav Sengupta, Ankush Kumar Mali

Abstract :-The separation of resistivity and porosity logs in organic rich intervals measured in term of logarithmic resistivity cycle called ΔlogR. This parameter is generally used to calculate total organic carbon content (TOC), with reference to the base lines established in a water bearing non-source rock of a given lithology. Application of the overlay method in organic rich Eagle Ford shale is prone to error due to non-availability of reference water base lines in similar lithology.

As increase in porosity in term of resistivity means an increase in volume of conducting water, resulting in a decrease in resistivity. These changes are proportional, so that if the porosity and resistivity are correctly modeled, the amount of increased porosity result in deflection of similar magnitude of both the resistivity and porosity curves. It means modeled resistivity of water filled resistivity curve generated with porosity, serves as base lined curves for both resistivity and porosity curves. Separation between resistivity and modeled water filled resistivity curves represent the so-called properly scaled resistivity and porosity curves defined by usually ΔlogR technique. The ΔlogR is calculated directly as logarithm of resistivity index dynamically generated through Archie’s relation, and is very robust for TOC calculation. It also eliminates the requirement of establishment of water base lines of resistivity and porosity logs in conventional techniques.

Comparison of estimates for total porosity, total water saturation and TOC obtained using new organic shale evaluation method are corroborating with the respective values derived from core laboratory measurement.

Entire procedure is illustrated with examples of Eagle Ford shale gas formation where sufficient large number of measurement on core samples are available for the calibration of log derived values of porosity, bulk volume of gas/ water and TOC. The technique in organic shale evaluation is very robust and can be extended for the evaluation of other fields in the world.

Keywords: - Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Organic Matter (OM), Hydrocarbon, Formation, Well Logging

Authors:- Rohit Lade, Arun Arya, Manis Lenka, Shivam Barthwal

Abstract :-The present study is aimed at biodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol and 2,4-Dichlorophenol using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis in the form of mixed and pure cultures. Optimum degradation conditions of 30°C temperature and 7 pH for maximum removal rate of chlorophenols have been established in this study. The mixed culture consisting of 50/50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis cultures shows maximum chlorophenol removal efficiency as compared to pure culture. After about 130 hours of contact, mixed culture could degrade the chlorophenols completely. Finally considering the difficulties related to segregating pure cultures and then using them for degradation, the use of mixed culture for chlorophenols removal has been proposed.

Keywords: - Biodegradation; 4-Chlorophenol; 2,4-Dichlorophenol; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Bacillus subtilis.

Authors:- Parth Hirpara, V.D. Kele, Dhruvin Patel

Abstract :-Nowadays, the cheese market is growing larger as it shows a rising demand curve. Rennin is the most widely used proteolytic enzyme for cheese production which is extracted from the gastric mucous membrane of bovines. To meet rising demand with required quality attributes, the industry needs an efficient source of milk curdling enzyme which meets quality parameters, standards of industries as well as consumer satisfaction. There is a number of animal rennet substitutes available like vegetable rennet, microbial rennet, etc. but, these substitutes having some disadvantages mainly high proteolytic activity which leads to the bitter taste of the final product. The best alternative of animal rennet is Recombinant chymosin which is trending now. Recombinant chymosin is prepared with the help of genetic modification of microorganisms which ensures total control on production as well as quality attributes. E. coli used to purify recombinant chymosin, which was used to ensure suitability to manufacture Cheddar cheese and Colby cheese which shows non-significant differences between the yields of Colby cheese manufactured using calf rennet and recombinant chymosin. Recombinant chymosin which is produced by Kluyveromyceslactis and calf rennet which having 70% chymosin exhibited analogous thromboelastographic characteristics, and coagulate milk more quickly than calf rennet with 55% chymosin.

Keywords: - Cheese, Chymosin, Proteolytic Enzyme, Genetic Modification;.

Authors:- Diksha Saxena, Vishal Kumar Sandhwar, Shivendu Saxena

Abstract :-Textile wastewater contaminated with dye and soil samples were collected from a small scale industry located at Bhadohi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Study was conducted for screening and isolation of bacteria capable for decolorizing textile dyes. Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Blue 4 dyes were used in the study. Decolorization abilities of isolates were studied and optimizations of various physiochemical parameters (effect of pH, contaminant concentration, inoculum concentration) were examined. Products after dye degradation were analyzed by UV-VIS techniques. Bacterial identification tests (Gram Staining Test, Indole Test, Methyl Red Test, Voges-Proskauer Test, Citrate Utilization Test) were conducted in order to find the family of bacteria. Results show that the optimum pH for dye decolorization was 7.0 for 10, 15 and 20 ppm concentration, Reactive Blue 4 at 10 ppm concentration was showing maximum decolorization after 36 hours, 14 ml inoculum was showing maximum decolorization for Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Blue 4 dyes after 48hours.

Keywords: - Bioremediation, Textile wastewater, Gram Staining Test, Indole Test, Methyl Red Test, Voges-Proskauer Test, Citrate Utilization Test.

Authors:- Kanchan A. Nandeshwar, Milind Chittawar, Rajesh Deshpande

Abstract :-The topic of interest these days is finding or developing innovative ways that lead to sustainability and energy conservation. Energy conservation has become even more significant in the commercial and residential sector with rising electricity bills. With increasing commercialization in India, electricity consumption in this sector is growing rapidly at 11-12% annually.

Since the past decade, the hospitality industry is growing with a great pace worldwide, consuming a significant amount of energy with an extremely low level of energy-efficiency. Hence, a significant amount of research is being done on energy saving opportunities in hotels, for making them energy efficient. An important factor to be considered for making the hospitality industry energy efficient is to consider the energy consumed by various appliances. One such appliance is the electric tumble dryer.

Tumble dryers are common in hospitals and hotels as a complement to the washing machine. They do, however, considering a large number of units, use large amounts of electricity. The main objective of this thesis is to identify means of reducing the electricity use for the tumble-drying of clothes and to check if a heat pump retrofit is technically and economically feasible for the conventional electric dryer. Heat pump clothes dryers (HPCD) can be much more energy-efficient than conventional electric CDs but have not emerged in the Indian market yet. A heat pump system as retrofit for conventional electric clothes dryer was designed and modelled in Aspen HYSYS (v10). The HPCD system performance was analysed through its power consumption. About 51% energy consumption reduction potential was observed as compared to a typical electric CD that is currently in use at Hotel Taj, Bekal, Kerala. Aspen HYSYS ver.10 is used to design a heat pump clothes dryer capable of saving 46% of the energy used by residential clothes dryers yielding a payback period of 10.2 months

Keywords: - Clothes dryer; Heat pump dryer; Energy conservation; Energy efficiency; Energy savings, Aspen HYSYS.