International Journal of Robotics and Autonomous Systems ISSN: 3107-7382 (Online)

Authors: Rohit Malhotra, Sanya Tripathi

Abstract: Autonomous robots have revolutionized the field of automation and artificial intelligence, with sensors playing a pivotal role in enhancing their decision-making capabilities, accuracy, and adaptability. Sensors enable robots to interact with their environment in real-time, facilitating navigation, obstacle detection, and task execution. This paper explores the critical functions of various sensors—including ultrasonic, infrared, LiDAR, IMU, and vision sensors—used in autonomous systems. It emphasizes how sensor fusion and AI integration are enabling smarter, more context-aware robots capable of performing complex operations with minimal human intervention. Through analysis of real-world applications, this paper highlights the importance of selecting and calibrating sensors based on task-specific requirements.