International Journal of Robotics and Autonomous Systems ISSN: 3107-7382 (Online)

Authors: Rishabh Malhotra, Megha Suresh

Abstract: The convergence of solar energy and robotics has emerged as a powerful solution to the increasing demand for sustainable and intelligent automation. This paper delves into the realm of solar-powered autonomous robots, offering an in-depth analysis of their architecture, functionality, and deployment scenarios. With solar energy being a clean, abundant, and renewable power source, integrating it with mobile robots presents a significant leap toward environmentally conscious design. The study outlines key advancements in photovoltaic technologies, embedded systems, and energy-efficient path planning algorithms that enable prolonged autonomy in off-grid environments. Emphasis is placed on robot applications in agriculture, environmental monitoring, and disaster response—sectors that benefit immensely from low-maintenance, energy-independent robots. In addition to the technical framework, the abstract highlights critical challenges such as solar panel orientation, energy storage limitations, and dependency on weather conditions. The goal of this paper is to review and synthesize current developments, propose methodologies to optimize energy harvesting and consumption, and advocate for the adoption of solar-powered systems as a mainstream robotic solution. 

Keywords: Autonomous Robots, Solar Energy, Photovoltaic Cells, Renewable Robotics, Embedded Systems, Green Technology, Energy Harvesting.