Authors: Dr. Meenakshi Rajput, Mr. Kunal Sharma
Abstract: Smart irrigation systems have emerged as a transformative solution to address the global water crisis in agriculture. Traditional irrigation methods often result in water wastage due to manual control, improper scheduling, or lack of real-time field monitoring. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, irrigation can be precisely managed based on real-time environmental data such as soil moisture, temperature, and humidity. This paper explores the design, deployment, and performance evaluation of IoT-enabled irrigation systems with a focus on water savings and crop yield optimization. A case study conducted in semi-arid agricultural zones in Maharashtra demonstrates up to 40% reduction in water usage without compromising productivity. The research also highlights challenges related to sensor calibration, network reliability, and farmer adaptability. This paper concludes by recommending policy-level integration and future enhancement using AI-driven predictive analytics to improve irrigation precision and sustainability.
Keywords: Smart Irrigation, IoT, Soil Moisture Sensors, Water Conservation, Precision Agriculture, Real-Time Monitoring, Sustainable Farming
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