Author: Dr. Rakesh Kulkarni
ABSTRACT: Check dams are small, cost-effective hydraulic structures widely used in India to augment groundwater recharge, prevent soil erosion, and improve water availability in drought-prone areas. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of check dams based on hydrogeological, structural, and social parameters. Using a combination of field data, infiltration tests, and spatial analysis across three districts in Maharashtra—Pune, Nashik, and Solapur—this study investigates the factors influencing recharge potential and maintenance needs. Key performance indicators such as siltation rates, groundwater rise, and seasonal storage are assessed. The results highlight the importance of catchment characteristics, construction quality, and community participation in ensuring sustainable outcomes. The paper further proposes a decision-support framework using GIS and remote sensing tools for optimal site selection and long-term monitoring. This research contributes valuable insights for planners, policymakers, and water resource managers striving for integrated rural water management.
Keywords: Check Dams, Groundwater Recharge, Infiltration Analysis, Rural Hydrology, GIS, Siltation, Performance Metrics
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