Journal of Research in Applied Chemistry

Authors : Pooja Patel, Arvind S. Menon

Abstract : Water scarcity and pollution are critical global challenges that necessitate innovative solutions for water treatment. This paper explores the development and application of advanced membrane technologies for water purification and desalination. We synthesized and characterized various types of membranes, including polymeric membranes, ceramic membranes, and hybrid membranes, evaluating their performance in removing contaminants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, and pathogens. Advanced characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements, were employed to analyze the structural and surface properties of these membranes. The results indicate that advanced membrane technologies offer high selectivity, permeability, and fouling resistance, making them effective for diverse water treatment applications. Additionally, the environmental and economic impacts of using these membranes were assessed, highlighting their potential to provide sustainable and cost-effective water treatment solutions.

Keywords : Water treatment, Membrane technologies, Contaminant removal, Desalination, Sustainability