Journal of Research in Applied Chemistry

Author: Seema Rani

Abstract: Biopolymers, derived from renewable biological resources, have garnered significant attention in the food packaging industry due to their environmental sustainability and potential to replace conventional petroleum-based plastics. These biodegradable materials offer a promising alternative for reducing the environmental impact associated with plastic waste. This paper explores the various types of biopolymers, their properties, and their applications in food packaging. It also delves into the challenges faced in their widespread adoption and the innovations driving research in this field. Additionally, the paper highlights the potential of biopolymers to contribute to a circular economy and sustainable packaging solutions.

Keywords: Biopolymers, food packaging, biodegradable, sustainable, polymers, renewable resources, environmental impact, packaging materials, biodegradable plastics.

Authors: Neelam Sharma, Dr. Sanjay Kumar

Abstract: The growing concern over plastic waste has sparked interest in chemical recycling as a promising solution to reduce environmental impacts. Chemical recycling involves the breakdown of plastics into their monomers or other valuable chemicals through various chemical processes, enabling their reuse in the production of new materials. This paper explores the innovative strategies and technologies involved in the chemical recycling of plastics, highlighting advancements, challenges, and future directions in the field. Key technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, catalytic depolymerization, and enzymatic recycling are discussed in detail, providing insights into their mechanisms, efficiencies, and applications. The role of policy and industry collaboration in advancing chemical recycling is also examined. The paper concludes by identifying the potential for scaling up these technologies to achieve a circular plastic economy.

Keywords: Chemical Recycling, Plastic Waste, Pyrolysis, Gasification, Catalytic Depolymerization, Enzymatic Recycling, Circular Economy, Waste Management, Sustainable Plastics, Environmental Impact.

Authors: Rameshwar Yadav, Dr. Kavita Sharma, Dr. Manoj Kumar

Abstract: Organic electrochemistry has emerged as a pivotal field in addressing the global energy crisis by offering sustainable and efficient energy storage systems. This paper examines the recent advancements in organic electrochemical materials, their integration into energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors, and the underlying mechanisms that drive their performance. The work highlights cutting-edge technologies, the role of molecular engineering, and future prospects in organic electrochemistry for energy storage. Key findings demonstrate how organic compounds contribute to high energy density, environmental sustainability, and cost efficiency.

Keywords: Organic electrochemistry, energy storage, organic batteries, supercapacitors, molecular engineering

Authors: Ravi Kumar, Dr. Meera Singh

Abstract: The use of nanomaterials in environmental remediation has emerged as a promising solution to address various environmental issues, including pollution control, waste management, and the restoration of contaminated ecosystems. This paper explores the potential of nanomaterials for environmental remediation from a chemical perspective, focusing on their applications, mechanisms, challenges, and the future outlook. The unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface area, reactivity, and ability to interact with pollutants at the molecular level, make them highly effective in removing or neutralizing environmental contaminants. Key applications discussed include water treatment, soil decontamination, and air purification. Furthermore, the paper delves into the chemical interactions involved in the remediation process and the various factors that influence the efficiency of nanomaterials. The challenges of scalability, toxicity, and environmental impact are also examined. Finally, the paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of nanomaterial-based remediation technologies.

Keywords: Nanomaterials, environmental remediation, pollution control, water treatment, soil decontamination, air purification, chemical interactions, environmental impact, sustainability

Author: Shalini Patel

Abstract: Sustainable catalysis plays a crucial role in advancing green chemistry by enabling environmentally friendly processes that minimize waste, energy consumption, and the use of toxic substances. This paper explores the principles, mechanisms, and applications of sustainable catalysts in green chemistry, focusing on the development of catalytic systems that promote efficiency and sustainability in chemical processes. Key advancements in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, biocatalysis, and photocatalysis are discussed, alongside their role in reducing environmental impacts. Various green chemistry applications, such as energy production, waste treatment, and fine chemical synthesis, are also examined. The importance of integrating renewable resources and the role of novel materials, such as nanomaterials and enzyme-based catalysts, is highlighted. Challenges, including catalyst stability, scalability, and economic feasibility, are addressed. Finally, future directions for sustainable catalysis in green chemistry are presented.

Keywords: Sustainable catalysis, green chemistry, renewable resources, biocatalysis, photocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, environmental impact, nanomaterials, catalytic efficiency.

Authors :  Anil Kumar, Meena Sharma

Abstract : Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of drug delivery by enabling the design and synthesis of nanoscale carriers that can improve the efficacy and targeting of therapeutic agents. This paper investigates the design, synthesis, and applications of various nanocarriers, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers, for drug delivery. We employed techniques such as nanoprecipitation, emulsion polymerization, and self-assembly to synthesize these nanocarriers. Characterization methods, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential measurements, were used to analyze their size, morphology, and surface charge. The drug loading capacity, release kinetics, and targeting efficiency of these nanocarriers were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrate enhanced drug solubility, stability, and controlled release, as well as improved targeting to specific tissues and cells. Additionally, the potential of these nanocarriers to reduce side effects and improve patient compliance was assessed, highlighting their promise in advancing personalized medicine.

Keywords : Nanotechnology, Drug delivery, Nanocarriers, Targeted therapy, Personalized medicine

Authors : Pooja Patel, Arvind S. Menon

Abstract : Water scarcity and pollution are critical global challenges that necessitate innovative solutions for water treatment. This paper explores the development and application of advanced membrane technologies for water purification and desalination. We synthesized and characterized various types of membranes, including polymeric membranes, ceramic membranes, and hybrid membranes, evaluating their performance in removing contaminants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, and pathogens. Advanced characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements, were employed to analyze the structural and surface properties of these membranes. The results indicate that advanced membrane technologies offer high selectivity, permeability, and fouling resistance, making them effective for diverse water treatment applications. Additionally, the environmental and economic impacts of using these membranes were assessed, highlighting their potential to provide sustainable and cost-effective water treatment solutions.

Keywords : Water treatment, Membrane technologies, Contaminant removal, Desalination, Sustainability

Authors : Rahul Mehta, Meera Singh

Abstract : The increasing environmental concerns associated with traditional plastics have spurred the development of biodegradable polymers as sustainable alternatives. This paper investigates the synthesis, characterization, and environmental impact of various biodegradable polymers, including polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and starch-based polymers. We employed different polymerization techniques, such as ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and microbial fermentation, to synthesize these polymers. Characterization methods, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were used to analyze their thermal and mechanical properties. The biodegradability of these polymers was evaluated through soil burial tests and enzymatic degradation studies. The results indicate that biodegradable polymers exhibit comparable properties to conventional plastics while offering significant environmental benefits, such as reduced persistence in the environment and lower carbon footprint.

Keywords : Biodegradable polymers, Polylactic acid, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, Starch-based polymers, Environmental impact

Authors : Priya Mehta, Sourav Kumar

Abstract : The quest for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions has led to significant advancements in the field of materials science. This paper explores the synthesis and applications of advanced materials for energy storage, including lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and hydrogen storage systems. We synthesized a variety of novel materials, such as nanostructured metal oxides, carbon-based composites, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and evaluated their performance in energy storage devices. Techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) were employed to assess the electrochemical properties of these materials. The results demonstrate enhanced energy density, power density, and cycling stability compared to traditional materials. Additionally, we investigated the potential of these materials to improve the efficiency and sustainability of energy storage systems, addressing the growing demand for renewable energy integration.

Keyword : Energy storage, Advanced materials, Lithium-ion batteries, Supercapacitors, Hydrogen storage

Authors : Suman Raj, Anjali Mehta

Abstract : Catalysts play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and selectivity of chemical reactions, making them indispensable in both industrial and environmental applications. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of novel catalysts that can facilitate green chemical processes, which are characterized by reduced waste production, lower energy consumption, and the use of sustainable raw materials. We investigated several types of catalysts, including heterogeneous catalysts, homogeneous catalysts, and biocatalysts, evaluating their performance in various green processes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and polymerization. Advanced characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, were employed to analyze the structural and functional properties of these catalysts. The results demonstrate significant improvements in reaction rates and selectivity, showcasing the potential of these novel catalysts to revolutionize green chemistry practices. Furthermore, the environmental impact of using these catalysts was assessed, indicating a substantial reduction in harmful emissions and resource consumption.

Keyword : Green chemistry, Catalysts, Sustainable processes, Hydrogenation, Oxidation

Author: Deepak Agnihotri

Abstract: Nanostructured materials have gained significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and applications, particularly in the field of catalysis. This paper provides an overview of the importance of nanostructured materials in catalytic processes and explores the various types of nanostructures employed for catalytic applications. The focus is on the enhanced catalytic performance resulting from the unique properties of nanostructured materials, including increased surface area, improved reactivity, and tunable catalytic activity. Additionally, the paper discusses the synthesis methods and characterization techniques employed in the development of nanostructured catalysts and highlights key examples of their applications in various catalytic reactions.

Keywords: Nanostructured materials, Catalysis, Nanoparticles, Nanocomposites, Nanocatalysts, Synthesis methods, Bottom-up approaches Top-down approaches, Self-assembly

Author’s: Mayank Sharma, Jeetu Kumar

Abstract: The field of sustainable agriculture has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, driven by the need to address environmental concerns, optimize resource use, and ensure food security. This paper reviews key developments in sustainable agriculture chemistry, with a focus on innovative approaches that promote eco-friendly farming practices. The integration of green chemistry principles, precision agriculture, and bio-based inputs has emerged as a cornerstone in the pursuit of sustainable agriculture.

 Keywords: Sustainable agriculture, Green chemistry, Precision agriculture, Bio-based inputs, Biofertilizers, Biostimulants, Plant-based pesticides, Integrated pest management, Environmental stewardship, Soil health, Crop resilience, Agricultural innovation, Eco-friendly farming, Precision farming technology, Climate-resilient farming systems

Autho: Gayatri Thakare

Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable and clean energy sources has led to increased research in catalysis as a key player in the development of efficient and environmentally friendly energy production processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review of catalysis for sustainable energy production, covering various catalytic processes and their applications in the realm of renewable energy.

Keywords: Catalysis, Sustainable Energy, Hydrogen Production, Biomass Conversion, Photocatalysis, Catalyst Design, Renewable Energy.

Authors: Markret Leena, S. Vedha A, S. Monika 

Abstract:The aim of study was phytochemical screening of water extract from fresh stem of CUCURBITA PEPO. The phytochemical screening for extracted from stem of CUCURBITA PEPO was tested and shown positive result for phenol, saponins, terpenoids, coumarins and lactone components.

Keywords:phytochemical screening, Cucurbita Pepo, 

Authors:Monica S, Vedha A

Abstract:The aim of study was phytochemical screening of water extract from fresh leaf of CORDYLINE FRUTICOSA. The phytochemical screening for extracted from leaf of CORDYLINE FRUTICOSA was tested and shown positive result for flavonoids, phenol, saponins, carbohydrates,  terpenoids,  and lactone components.

Keywords:phytochemical screening, CORDYLINE FRUTICOSA, saponins, carbohydrates.

Authors:Khushbu Kaushik

Abstract:Organic synthesis plays a crucial role in the development of new pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. Over the years, advancements in synthetic methodologies have been driven by the pursuit of more efficient and sustainable processes. This paper highlights the emerging trends in organic synthesis, focusing on new strategies and reagents that enable efficient bond formation. The synthesis of complex molecules is facilitated by innovative methodologies, including transition-metal catalysis, photocatalysis, and biocatalysis. This paper provides an overview of these cutting-edge approaches, along with examples of their applications in the synthesis of important organic compounds. Additionally, a summary of recent advancements in reagents and reaction conditions is presented, emphasizing their role in promoting selectivity, efficiency, and sustainability. This comprehensive analysis of emerging trends in organic synthesis aims to inspire further research and innovation in the field.

Keywords-Organic synthesis, emerging trends, bond formation, strategies, reagents, transition-metal catalysis, photocatalysis, biocatalysis, sustainable synthesis

Authors:Dr. Parul Aggarwal, Chandini Nayak

Abstract:Catalysis plays a crucial role in enabling sustainable chemical processes by improving reaction efficiency, selectivity, and reducing energy consumption. This paper reviews recent advances in the design, synthesis, and characterization of catalysts for sustainable chemical processes. Various strategies for catalyst development are discussed, including the use of novel materials, surface modifications, and tailor-made catalytic architectures. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of catalyst characterization techniques to understand catalytic mechanisms and optimize catalyst performance. Finally, case studies are presented to illustrate the successful application of advanced catalysts in sustainable chemical transformations. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights into the cutting-edge developments in catalysis, contributing to the advancement of sustainable chemical processes.

Keywords:Catalysis, sustainable chemical processes, catalyst design, catalyst synthesis, catalyst characterization, novel materials, surface modification, tailor-made catalytic architectures, rational design, biomass conversion, hydrogenation, photocatalysis, selective oxidation, catalyst stability, scale-up, renewable energy integration, computational catalysis.

Authors:  Jenifer K, Sathya Roshy R, Helan Denisha S, Vedha A

Abstract: The aim of study was investigating the phytochemical screening of water, ethanol and ether extract from fresh stem of JUNIPEROUS ERECTA. The phytochemical screening for extracted from fresh stem of JUNIPEROUS ERECTA was tested and shown positive result for phenol, saponins and lactone components and the ethanol and ether extract shows the positive result for terpenoids. However, the extract of fresh stem not show the positive result for alkaloids, tannins, protein, carbohydrate and anthocyanins components.

Keywords:  JUNIPEROUS ERECTA, Phytochemical Screening, Carbohydrate, Anthocyanins

Authors:- Vandana Ashwin Patil, Tejaswini Kumar Pattekari

Abstract:- Cadmium is one of the toxic elements, used in many industries. It is antoxic heavymetal that affects living organism cadmium can be removed from water by adsorption, chemicalprecipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrochemical treatments. Due to low cost-effective, high efficiency, adsorption technology is regarded as the most promising one to remove heavy metal ion from other techniques nanoscale iron oxides have become raw material for treating the waste waters and soils. Fe₂O₃ magnetic nanoparticles adsorbs Cadmium (II) this experiment was studied by Batch adsorption method Percentage adsorption decrease as pH of solution increases. The adsorption is maximumat 5 pH and then it is decreases. Percentage adsorption decrease as metal ion concentration increases. The adsorption is maximum up to 200 µg/ml and then it is decreases. Percentage adsorption decrease as metal ion concentration increases. The adsorption is maximum at 50 µg/ml. The 10 min. contact  time is sufficient for maximum adsorption of Cd (II) particles  The present study shows MNP's can be used as an inexpensive sorbent for the sorption of Cd⁺²   from aqueous solution. Thus, this work provides an alternative adsorbent for cadmium removal from aqueous solution.

Keywords:- Cadmium adsorption, toxic heavy metal, metal oxides, Nano scale iron oxide

Authors Name:- Sofiyajenifer S, Vedha A

Abstract:- The aim of study was investigating the phytochemical screening of water and ethyl acetate extract from fresh leaves and bark of JUNIPEROUS ERECTA. The phytochemical screening for extracted from fresh leaves and bark of JUNIPEROUS ERECTA was tested and shown positive result for phenol, saponins and lactone components. However, the extract of fresh leaves and bark not show the positive result for alkaloids, tannins, protein, carbohydrate and anthocyanins components. The extract were characterized for Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and found that wavelength of our compounds are present. The extract were characterized for Anti-microbial and found that no zone of inhibition.

Keywords:- JUNIPEROUS ERECTA, saponins and lactone, carbohydrate and anthocyanins

Authors: Dr. Anjali Verma, Neha R. Mishra

Abstract: Electrochemical energy storage systems have become a cornerstone of modern technological development, supporting applications ranging from portable electronics to electric vehicles and large-scale grid storage. Among these systems, lithium-ion batteries have emerged as the most commercially successful technology due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and reliable performance. However, concerns related to lithium resource scarcity, rising costs, and environmental impact have accelerated interest in alternative battery chemistries. Sodium-ion batteries have gained significant attention as a promising substitute owing to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of lithium-ion and sodium-ion battery chemistry, focusing on their electrochemical principles, electrode materials, electrolyte systems, performance characteristics, advantages, and limitations. Key challenges related to energy density, cycling stability, safety, and scalability are critically discussed. Furthermore, recent advancements and future research directions aimed at improving sodium-ion battery competitiveness are highlighted. The study concludes that while lithium ion batteries remain dominant in high-performance applications, sodium-ion batteries offer substantial potential for sustainable and cost-effective energy storage solutions, particularly in stationary and grid-scale applications.

KEYWORDS: Lithium-ion batteries; Sodium-ion batteries; Electrochemical energy storage; Battery materials; Sustainable energy storage

Authors:- Sanjana Keshav, Archana Grover

Abstract:- We concentrated on leftover biomass, which is particularly plentiful in Slovenia and comes from corn and wheat harvesting. To begin, we chemically identified common biomass, such as maize stover, corn stems and peeled cobs, and wheat straw. We determined the cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, extractives, and ash contents. Due to the rather high cellulose content in typical samples, which ranged between 35% and 44%, the materials were further delignified using an alkaline technique with NaOH as a reagent. Mechanical, morphological, and other aspects of isolated cellulose fibres were investigated. Simultaneously, we refined the delignification procedure to determine how delignification circumstances impact the qualities of isolated cellulose fibres. Furthermore, we investigated the conversion of isolated cellulose fibres into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by Williamson ether synthesis under a variety of solvents and experimental circumstances. CMC was synthesised using cellulose fibres extracted from maize stover, corn stems and peeled cobs, and wheat straw. We also investigated prospective variations in CMC production utilising native (cellulose I) and regenerated (cellulose II) cellulose as starting materials.

Keywords:- Agricultural residues, delignification process, cellulose, Williamson ether synthesis, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).