Journal of Research in Applied Chemistry

Authors: Rajeev Pratap Singh¹, Sukanya Mahajan², Alock P. Chavan³

Abstract: The rapid growth of renewable energy technologies and portable electronic devices has created an urgent demand for efficient, safe, and high-performance energy storage systems. Advanced energy storage materials play a central role in determining the capacity, efficiency, lifetime, and sustainability of modern storage devices. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in advanced energy storage materials, focusing on lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, solid-state batteries, supercapacitors, and emerging multivalent and hybrid systems. Special attention is given to electrode materials, electrolytes, interfacial phenomena, and structural design strategies that enhance electrochemical performance. Challenges such as material degradation, safety concerns, resource availability, and environmental impact are also critically discussed. The paper highlights future research directions aimed at developing next-generation storage materials that are cost-effective, environmentally benign, and capable of meeting global energy demands.

Keywords: Energy storage; battery materials; supercapacitors; solid-state electrolytes; electrode materials; sustainable energy