ABSTRACT
Electric vehicles (EVs) require high efficiency, reliable and fast dynamic response traction motors. Among different motor types, Brushless DC Motor (BLDC), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), and Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) are widely adopted in EV propulsion due to their superior performance compared to conventional DC and induction motors. However, each motor demands specific control strategies to achieve optimal torque, speed regulation, efficiency, and fault tolerance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of control techniques used for BLDC, PMSM, and SRM in EV traction systems. Classical and modern control methods such as trapezoidal control, Field Oriented Control (FOC), Direct Torque Control (DTC), sensorless control, hysteresis control, and intelligent control techniques are discussed. Comparative analysis is provided to highlight suitability of each motor and control strategy for EV applications. The challenges, advantages, and future trends in traction motor control are also discussed.
KEYWORDS: BLDC control, PMSM control, SRM control, EV traction, Field Oriented Control, Direct Torque Control, Sensorless control.
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