ABSTRACT
Regenerative braking (RB) is a critical technology for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables the recovery of kinetic energy during deceleration. This paper investigates various regenerative braking techniques, including DC-chopper based braking, PWM-controlled motor braking, and multi-level inverter based regenerative braking. Performance metrics such as energy recovery efficiency, braking torque smoothness, and battery state-of-charge impact are analyzed using simulation and experimental data. The study demonstrates that optimized regenerative braking strategies enhance EV range, improve energy efficiency, and reduce mechanical wear. Recommendations are provided for hybrid and full-electric vehicle applications.
KEYWORDS: Regenerative braking, Electric vehicles, Energy recovery, PWM control, Battery management, braking torque.