Journal of Embedded Systems & Its Applications ISSN: 3139-2296 (Online)

Authors: Mehul Prakash Malhotra

Abstract: Microcontrollers are integral components in embedded systems, playing a crucial role in various applications such as automotive control, industrial automation, consumer electronics, and more. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the architectures and working principles of three widely used microcontroller families: ARM, AVR, and PIC. The comparison aims to highlight their strengths, weaknesses, and application domains.

Keywords: Microcontrollers, ARM, AVR, PIC, RISC architecture, Harvard architecture, Von Neumann architecture, Peripheral Functionality, Memory Organization, Embedded Systems.