International Journal of Nano Science Trends and Technology

Authors: Nithya Pillai, Siddharth Nambiar

Abstract: Digital Signal Processing (DSP) plays a pivotal role in shaping the landscape of modern communication systems, offering a versatile set of tools and algorithms that significantly enhance signal quality, transmission efficiency, and overall system performance. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles and applications of DSP in the realm of communication.

The introduction emphasizes the growing importance of DSP in meeting the increasing demands of communication technologies, highlighting its role in addressing challenges such as noise reduction, modulation/demodulation, and error correction. A historical context traces the evolution of DSP, illustrating its journey from conceptual inception to becoming an indispensable component of contemporary communication systems.

The paper delves into the basics of Digital Signal Processing, offering a clear explanation of essential concepts such as sampling, quantization, and the characteristics of discrete-time signals and systems. Special attention is given to the role of digital filters and their impact on communication, setting the stage for a deeper exploration of DSP algorithms.

Keywords: Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Modulation Techniques, Communication Systems, Wireless Communication, Satellite Communication, Fiber Optic Communication, Adaptive Filtering, Error Correction.

Authors:-Abhishek Aradhya P, Girish A Koushik

Abstract:-In this paper, the change in the performance characteristics with various mechanical bending conditions for different flexible Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) is compared. Bending strains induce modifications of the localized density of states (DOS) which in turn cause changes in the electrical characteristics of the TFTs. The change in the characteristics is estimated as a function of curvature radius of the channel. For amorphous silicon, field-effect mobility decreases by bending, e.g., ~11% with a radius at R = 30 mm and a knee voltage increases, while a threshold voltage remains the same. While the mobility, threshold voltage, and sub threshold slope of IGZO TFTs remained essentially unchanged over the entire bending range, the electrical performance parameters of ZnO TFTs were strongly degraded by bending. For ZnO TFTs bent to a radius of 10 mm, the mobility decreased by more than two orders of magnitude.

Authors: Poovarasan. S, Richy John Samuel. E, Karthik Rajan. K

Abstract: Nanoparticles have become an attraction in developing Science & Technology due to its size and its physical, chemical properties. Among these nanoparticles, Copper has been recently used for various applications specially in printed electronics. There are various methods of synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles. This paper gives a clear picture of various chemical synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles.

Authors: M. A. Hossain, M. N. I. Khan, S. S. Sikder

Abstract: The compositions Ni0.60Zn0.40-xYxFe2O4 [x = 0-.05, 0.10 and 0.15] were prepared by using solid state reaction technique. The XRD analysis of Ni-Zn sample shows formulation of cubic spinel structure with no extra peak. With substitution of rare earth Yttrium ions (Y3 ) in to the Ni-Zn ferrites show additional peaks other than spinel structure and corresponding to a second orthoferrite phase. Lattice parameters of the composition Ni0.60Zn0.40-xYxFe2O4 [x = 0-.05, 0.10 and 0.15] series slightly decrease with increasing x-content. The bulk density is found to decrease minorly with increasing Y 3 contents. The increase in density and grain growth of the samples may be attributed to the liquid phase at constant sintering temperature. Saturation magnetization, Ms was observed and was found to increase with increasing, Y3+ contents. Initial permeability decreases with the increasing of Y 3 ions. Quality factor signifies the merit of the material from the application point of view. The compositions The compositions Ni0.60Zn0.40-xYxFe2O4 [x = 0-.05, 0.10 and 0.15] were prepared by using solid state reaction technique. The XRD analysis of Ni-Zn sample shows formulation of cubic spinel structure with no extra peak. With substitution of rare earth Yttrium ions (Y3 ) in to the Ni-Zn ferrites show additional peaks other than spinel structure and corresponding to a second orthoferrite phase. Lattice parameters of the composition Ni0.60Zn0.40-xYxFe2O4 [x = 0-.05, 0.10 and 0.15] series slightly decrease with increasing x-content. The bulk density is found to decrease minorly with increasing Y 3 contents. The increase in density and grain growth of the samples may be attributed to the liquid phase at constant sintering temperature. Saturation magnetization, Ms was observed and was found to increase with increasing, Y3+ contents. Initial permeability decreases with the increasing of Y 3 ions. Quality factor signifies the merit of the material from the application point of view. From these three series of samples are seen that the real part of initial permeability almost constant up to 4MHz. The AC resistivity decreases with increasing temperature. The dielectric constant is found to decrease continuously with increasing frequency and remains almost constant at higher frequency range. The variation of electrical resistivity and dielectric properties is explained of Fe2+/Fe3+ ionic.

Authors: M. A. Gofur, M. A. Hossain, S. S. Sikder, D. K. Saha

Abstract: The present work is focused on the influence of substitutions and sintering additive are V2O5 on structural, transport and electromagnetic properties of Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites. A series of ferrite samples of the composition Ni0.28Cu0.10Zn0.62Fe2O4 + x wt.% the concentration sintering additives were varies 0.2wt.% to 0.8wt.% for V2O5 were prepared by using the solid state reaction technique sintered at 1150oC with 6 hours holding time. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that all the samples of the series crystalline in single phase cubic spinel structure. Lattice parameter of Ni0.28Cu0.10Zn0.62Fe2O4 + x wt. % V2O5 series are slightly decrease with increase x content. The average grain size of the samples increases with increase of doped V2O5 additive content. Curie temperature (Tc) and saturation magnetization (Ms) are slightly increases with increasing V2O5 doped ferrite samples up to x = 0.6 after decreasing. The magnetization process all the samples are soft magnetic behavior of magnetic materials. Initial permeability (µi) increases with increase doped V2O5 both sintering temperature attaining sample maximum value for x = 0.4 and with higher quality factor after decreasing. This enhancement of permeability may be correlated with improved microstructural features. The µi shows the flat profile from 1 kHz to 4MHz indicating frequency stability for all the ferrite samples. The improved electromagnetic properties of the composition might be attributed to better densification and visible grain size. DC resistivity decreases with increasing temperature. The dielectric constant is found to decrease continuously with increasing frequency and remain almost constant at higher frequency range. The dielectric behavior of the experiment ferrite samples explained on the basis of the mechanism of the dielectric polarization and conduction process.

Author: Pallavi V. Chawardol

Abstract: Nanotechnology deals with the study of any material substance having size in the range of 1-100 nm. It is a cutting edge technology having extensive scope in various fields such as health and medicine, electronics, energy and environment, is discussed in detail many other fields with unprecedented application. Nanotechnology plays a focal point in diabetes and shows a great promise in improving the treatment and management of the diabetes. Diabetes is a rapidly growing problem that is managed at the individual level by monitoring and controlling blood glucose levels to minimize the negative effects of the diseases .Nanotechnology is the most prominent technology in the field of medical science for the treatment and prevention of severe and incurable fatal diseases like cancer.