International Journal of Drug Formulation, Development & Research

Authors: Rahul Jain, Anjali Mehta

Abstract:Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have emerged as versatile platforms in modern pharmacotherapy, offering unprecedented control over drug release kinetics, targeting specificity, and biocompatibility. This paper reviews recent advances in the design, characterization, and applications of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems.

The introduction highlights the persistent challenges in conventional drug delivery methods, such as poor bioavailability, off-target effects, and rapid clearance from circulation, which nanoparticles aim to address. Key design strategies are explored, including the use of lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic nanoparticles, each tailored to optimize drug encapsulation efficiency and therapeutic efficacy.

Characterization techniques, essential for understanding nanoparticle physicochemical properties, are detailed. These include dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy for size and morphology assessment, as well as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for compositional analysis and drug loading validation.

Keywords: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery, Lipid nanoparticles, Polymeric nanoparticles, Inorganic nanoparticles, Targeted drug delivery, Characterization techniques, Biocompatibility, Theranostics