Author: Dr. Rahul Mehta, Ms. Priya Sharma
Abstract: Ground subsidence is a critical geohazard, particularly in urban and mining regions, causing infrastructure damage, environmental degradation, and safety concerns. Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is an advanced remote sensing technique offering millimeter-level accuracy for detecting and monitoring subsidence over large areas. This paper explores the principles and applications of InSAR in ground subsidence detection, focusing on urban and mining settings. Various InSAR processing methods such as Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) and Differential InSAR (DInSAR) are discussed along with their suitability for different scenarios. The advantages of InSAR including high spatial resolution, temporal coverage, and cost-effectiveness over conventional monitoring methods are highlighted. Limitations like atmospheric interference and decorrelation are analyzed. Case studies demonstrating InSAR's effectiveness in detecting mining-induced and urban subsidence are reviewed. A comparative table summarizes InSAR techniques with respect to accuracy, data requirements, and application complexity. The integration of InSAR data with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for risk mapping and decision-making is emphasized. The paper concludes that InSAR provides a valuable tool for proactive subsidence monitoring, enabling sustainable urban and mining area management.
Keywords: Ground subsidence, InSAR, Urban areas, Mining areas, Remote sensing, Differential InSAR, Persistent Scatterer, GIS
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