Auther: Dr. Aman Verma, Ms. Neha Gupta
Abstract: Slope stability is a critical concern in infrastructure projects such as highways, dams, and urban development, where landslides and soil failures can cause significant hazards. Traditional ground-based monitoring techniques often face limitations in spatial coverage and timely detection of slope deformations. Earth observation (EO) techniques utilizing satellite remote sensing, aerial LiDAR, and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) have emerged as powerful tools for continuous, large-area slope stability assessment. This paper reviews major EO methods, including InSAR, optical satellite imagery, and LiDAR, applied in slope deformation monitoring. The capabilities, advantages, and limitations of these techniques are analyzed. The integration of multi-sensor data with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enhances spatial analysis and risk mapping. Two tables summarize common EO techniques and compare their features relevant to slope monitoring. Challenges such as atmospheric noise and data resolution are discussed. The paper concludes that EO provides reliable, cost-effective solutions to supplement traditional monitoring, enabling proactive risk management in infrastructure projects.
Keywords: Earth observation, Slope stability, Infrastructure projects, InSAR, LiDAR, Remote sensing, GIS
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