Journal of Research in Microbiology and Immunology ISSN: 3108-0952 (Online)

Authors: Dr. Priyanka Verma, Dr. Sandeep Kulkarni

ABSTRACT: Single-cell immune profiling has revolutionized the understanding of host pathogen interactions in infectious diseases. By enabling high-resolution analysis of heterogeneous immune populations, this technology provides insights into cellular dynamics, immune activation, and dysfunction during infection. This review explores methodologies including single-cell RNA sequencing, mass cytometry, and high-dimensional flow cytometry, and their application in bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. We discuss discoveries in immune heterogeneity, identification of rare cell subsets, and functional characterization of immune responses. Challenges in data integration, standardization, and clinical translation are highlighted. Tables summarize key findings from recent studies and single-cell approaches used. The review underscores the potential of single-cell immune profiling to guide therapeutic interventions, vaccine development, and precision medicine in infectious diseases.

KEYWORDS: Single-cell immune profiling, infectious diseases, scRNA-seq, mass cytometry, immune heterogeneity, host-pathogen interactions, precision medicine.