Journal of Research in Microbiology and Immunology ISSN: 3108-0952 (Online)

Authors: Anuj Rai, Akansha Singh, Pranjali Thakur

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles are now widely considered as the industry's cornerstone. Silver, its compounds, and related salts have been around since the dawn of time. Although silver has long been known, it was only recently that the production of silver nanoparticles became a reality. It has several important uses in medicine, agriculture, and other industries. It has strong antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Citrobacter koseri, Salmonella Typhii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as a few fungi, including Candida albicans. The interaction of silver ions with biomolecules found in cells might be the cause of the process. The entire system is assumed to work on the fact that it causes the formation of free radicals as well as the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), which finally results in an apoptotic scenario and therefore the cell's inability to reproduce. Food preservation and cosmetics are two examples of uses. However, physical and chemical Ag production has failed to fulfil demand while causing severe environmental harm. As a result, a more efficient, ecologically friendly, and cleaner method is necessary. The biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles from plants, algae, and bacteria, among other things, has explored this topic. This review considers similar attempts in recent years.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles; Algae; Bacteria; Fungi; Green synthesis; Toxicity mechanism.