Journal of Research in Microbiology and Immunology ISSN: 3108-0952 (Online)

Authors: Dr. Ananya Kapoor, Dr. Rahul Mehta

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a cornerstone in cancer immunotherapy due to their ability to specifically target tumor-associated antigens and modulate immune responses. This paper reviews the mechanisms, clinical applications, and challenges associated with mAb-based therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibition, antibody-drug conjugates, and bispecific antibodies. A table summarizing key monoclonal antibodies and their target mechanisms is provided. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of mAbs enhances the development of personalized cancer therapy, improves patient outcomes, and reduces systemic toxicity. Emerging strategies focus on combination therapies, novel targets, and improved antibody engineering to overcome resistance.

Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, cancer immunotherapy, checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, tumor-associated antigens, immune modulation