Journal of Power Electronics and Drives ISSN: 3139-1923 (Online)

Abstract

The maritime industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by the need to reduce environmental impact and improve energy efficiency. Electric propulsion systems have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. This paper provides an overview of electric propulsion in marine applications, highlighting its benefits, technological advancements, and potential future developments. The paper also includes relevant tables and figures to illustrate key points.

Keywords: Electric Propulsion, Marine Propulsion, Sustainable Shipping, Environmental Benefits, Energy Efficiency, Battery Electric, Hybrid Electric, Fuel Cell Electric, Lithium-ion Batteries, Power Electronics, Electric Drive Systems

Abstract

Resonant converters have gained significant attention in the field of high frequency power electronics due to their efficiency, reduced electromagnetic interference, and compact size. The various types of resonant converters, including series resonant converters (SRCs), parallel resonant converters (PRCs), and LLC resonant converters, highlighting their unique characteristics and operational modes. Furthermore, we explore the key design considerations and challenges associated with resonant converters in high-frequency applications. In addition, this paper presents experimental results and comparisons with conventional power converters to demonstrate the advantages of resonant converters.

Keywords: Resonant Converters, High-Frequency Power Electronics, Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), Zero Current Switching (ZCS), LLC Resonant Converter, Efficiency, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), Control Circuitry

Abstract

Power electronics drives are devices that use power electronics to control the power flow in an electric motor. They are used in a wide variety of industries, including automotive, manufacturing, energy, building automation, and other industries. Power electronics drives offer a number of advantages over traditional electromechanical drives, including higher efficiency, better control, flexibility, and reduced maintenance. As the demand for energy efficiency and renewable energy grows, the use of power electronics drives is likely to continue to grow.

Keywords: Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Silicon Carbide (SiC), Gallium Nitride (GaN), Power Electronics, Efficiency, High-Frequency Operation, Electric Vehicles (EVs), Renewable Energy

Abstract

Power electronics drives are devices that use power electronics to control the power flow in an electric motor. They are used in a wide variety of industries, including automotive, manufacturing, energy, building automation, and other industries. Power electronics drives offer a number of advantages over traditional electromechanical drives, including higher efficiency, better control, flexibility, and reduced maintenance. As the demand for energy efficiency and renewable energy grows, the use of power electronics drives is likely to continue to grow.

Keywords: power electronics drives, electric motor, efficiency, control, flexibility, maintenance, automotive, manufacturing, energy, building automation, renewable energy

Abstract

The packaging and interconnection technologies of power devices play a critical role in the performance, reliability, and efficiency of power electronic systems. The challenges faced by these technologies include thermal management, parasitic effects, high power density, and integration with other components. This paper discusses the challenges faced by packaging and interconnection technologies of power devices and explores the future trends in these technologies. The future trends include advanced materials, 3D packaging, system-in-package, and wireless interconnection. These trends require significant advancements in thermal management, interconnection, and compatibility with different materials and technologies. The paper concludes that innovative solutions are required to address the challenges faced by packaging and interconnection technologies to meet the demands of modern power electronic systems.

Keywords: Power Devices, Packaging Technologies, Interconnection Technologies, Challenges, Future Trends

Abstract

This research paper presents a detailed analysis of the losses in half-bridge DC-DC converters in high-current and low-voltage applications. Half-bridge DC-DC converters are widely used in power electronic systems due to their excellent performance characteristics. However, in high-current and low voltage applications, the losses in the converter become significant, reducing the efficiency of the system. In this paper, we discuss the conduction losses, switching losses, and gate drive losses in the converter. We also analyze the efficiency of the converter and discuss various techniques to improve the efficiency. The analysis presented in this paper can be used to design high performance power electronic systems that utilize half-bridge DC-DC converters.

Keywords: Half-bridge DC-DC converter, High-current, Low-voltage, Conduction losses, Switching losses, Gate drive losses, Efficienc

Abstract

This research paper discusses the design and implementation of a single phase multifunctional integrated converter for electric vehicles (EVs). The converter is capable of performing several functions, including battery charging, motor drive, and grid-tie operation. The proposed converter is based on a single-phase full-bridge topology with integrated power electronics, which makes it highly efficient and compact. The converter is designed to operate at a high switching frequency, which reduces the size of passive components, and its control strategy ensures reliable operation in all operating modes.

Keywords: Electric vehicles, integrated converter, single-phase, multifunctional, battery charging, motor drive, grid-tie, full-bridge topology, power electronics, high efficiency, control strategy, reliable operation, switching frequency, passive components, powertrain.

Abstract

The design of high-temperature electronics for aero engine controls and health monitoring is a critical area of research. The harsh operating conditions of aero engines, such as high temperatures, pressure, and vibration, require the use of advanced electronics that can operate reliably in these environments. This paper reviews the current state of high-temperature electronics design for aero engine controls and health monitoring. It discusses the challenges faced by engineers and researchers in developing high temperature electronics, and it also highlights recent advances in this field. The paper concludes with a discussion of the future directions of research in high-temperature electronics for aero engine controls and health monitoring.

Keywords: High-temperature electronics, Aero engines, Health monitoring, Engine controls, Sensor design, Materials science, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, Vibration, Harsh environments, Aerospace applications, Real-time data, Data acquisition, Performance, Safety

Abstract

In wireless communication systems, the accuracy of signal transmission is crucial to ensure reliable communication. One of the major impairments in signal transmission is IQ imbalance and phase noise. This paper investigates the evaluation of error vector magnitude (EVM) due to the combined effect of IQ imbalances and phase noise. A simulation-based approach is employed to analyze the impact of IQ imbalance and phase noise on the EVM performance of a wireless communication system. The results show that the EVM performance of the system is significantly affected by both IQ imbalance and phase noise. Furthermore, it is observed that the effect of phase noise is more significant than IQ imbalance on the EVM performance of the system.

Keywords: Error vector magnitude, IQ imbalance, Phase noise, Wireless communication

Abstract

Fuzzy logic is very speedily used in various industrial applications like steel rolling mills, electric trains and robotic manipulators. It uses linguistic variable. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is based on a set of fuzzyrules among linguistic variables. This dissertation report explains about Implementation of fuzzy logic PIC microcontroller for speed control of dc motor. The dissertation report aims the software and hardware development of prototype to control speed of DC motor. The software includes the design and development of Fuzzy logic controller in MATLAB Simulation. The hardware comprises design of a DC motor driver which is used as an interface between DC motor and fuzzy logic with PIC16F877A microcontroller. The controller is designed using small amount of components and proves to be a compact and low cost solution for speed control of DC motor.”The proposed fuzzy logic controller results in a better response compared to the basic PID controller with normal response of DC motor”. In outline, this paper would like to exhibit the ability of fuzzy logic in planning a controller for a DC motor.

Keywords: Fuzzy logic controller, DC motor, PID controller

ABSTRACT

Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, particularly neural networks, have had a considerable influence on power electronics in recent years. The concept of neural network applications in intelligent control for power electronics circuits is explored in this research. The Neural Network Controller (NNC) is a power electronics circuit controller that tracks output voltage and improves performance. MATLAB-SIMULINK is used to develop and simulate the controller. Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, particularly neural networks, have had a considerable influence on power electronics in recent years. The concept of neural network applications in intelligent control for power electronics circuits is explored in this research. The Neural Network Controller (NNC) is a power electronics circuit controller that tracks output voltage and improves performance. MATLAB-SIMULINK is used to develop and simulate the controller.

KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Neural Network Controller, Power Electronics, Intelligent Control, Output Voltage Regulation, MATLAB/Simulink

ABSTRACT

Electric vehicles (EVs) require high efficiency, reliable and fast dynamic response traction motors. Among different motor types, Brushless DC Motor (BLDC), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), and Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) are widely adopted in EV propulsion due to their superior performance compared to conventional DC and induction motors. However, each motor demands specific control strategies to achieve optimal torque, speed regulation, efficiency, and fault tolerance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of control techniques used for BLDC, PMSM, and SRM in EV traction systems. Classical and modern control methods such as trapezoidal control, Field Oriented Control (FOC), Direct Torque Control (DTC), sensorless control, hysteresis control, and intelligent control techniques are discussed. Comparative analysis is provided to highlight suitability of each motor and control strategy for EV applications. The challenges, advantages, and future trends in traction motor control are also discussed.

KEYWORDS: BLDC control, PMSM control, SRM control, EV traction, Field Oriented Control, Direct Torque Control, Sensorless control.

Abstract

In this study, Wallace Tree Adders and FIFB, FIEB, and FISB Carry Save Adders are designed, Verilog-encoded, and simulated using Cadence Software. The implementation of adders takes place on CMOS chips with a 180 nm process. Power consumption, latency, silicon area, and dynamic power dissipation simulation results are compared. Both the Carry Save Adder and Wallace Tree Adder see a rise in the number of inputs, power consumed, silicon area, and latency. The suggested Wallace Tree Adder is shown to be more cost effective and a better solution for real-time applications than the typical CSA since it has a shorter delay, less power dissipation, and requires less silicon space.

Keywords: Verilog, Wallace tree based adders, Power consumption, Carry save adders, Silicon area, delay, Dynamic power dissipation

Abstract

In an optical cable operating at 10 Gb/s, we have developed a wavelength conversion method based on four wave mixing. With an increase in signal strength, the converted signal's power rises. Investigated in relation to input signal power and pump power is the converted signal power. The best converted signal power is obtained at -2 dBm input signal power for both up conversion and down conversion, according to a comparison of converted signal power at various input signal power values. Furthermore, as the input signal amplitude and optical fibre length grow, the FWM efficiency and quality factor increase.

Keywords: FWM, Wavelength Converter, Quality, Optical fiber.

Abstract

Fuzzy logic is very speedily used in various industrial applications like steel rolling mills, electric trains and robotic manipulators. It uses linguistic variable. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is based on a set of fuzzy rules among linguistic variables. This dissertation report explains about Implementation of fuzzy logic PIC microcontroller for speed control of dc motor. The dissertation report aims the software and hardware development of prototype to control speed of DC motor. The software includes the design and development of Fuzzy logic controller in MATLAB Simulation. The hardware comprises design of a DC motor driver which is used as an interface between DC motor and fuzzy logic with PIC16F877A microcontroller. The controller is designed using small amount of components and proves to be a compact and low cost solution for speed control of DC motor.”The proposed fuzzy logic controller results in a better response compared to the basic PID controller with normal response of DC motor”. In outline, this paper would like to exhibit the ability of fuzzy logic in planning a controller for a DC motor.

Keywords: Fuzzy logic controller, DC motor, PID controller

Abstract

The employment of power electronic devices in the control techniques of electrical drives is becoming more common in current technology. A DC motor's speed can be adjusted by adjusting the field flux, armature resistance, or the terminal voltage provided to the armature circuit. Field resistance control, armature voltage control, and armature resistance control are the three most popular speed control methods. However, in this case, a drive approach has been employed for DC motor speed control, which is a chopper and some power electronics components. It has been demonstrated here how to employ chopper and power electronics devices to manage the torque and speed characteristics of a DC motor. The model is now simulated and analysed in MATLAB (Simulink) under changing speed and torque conditions.

Keywords: Buck Converter, Snubber Circuit MATLAB (Simulink), Separately Excited DC Motor

Abstract

For high-end power-electronic applications, current control and emulation systems (also known as Hardware-in-the-Loop, HIL or Processor-in-the-Loop, PIL) often consist of a large number of components and interconnected buses. A microcontroller for communication and high-level control, a DSP for real time control, an FPGA section for quick parallel actions and data acquisition, multiport RAM structures, or bus systems as an interface are common components. A substantial number of these capabilities are integrated into a single semiconductor chip through System-on-Chip (SoC) technology. This has the advantage of saving space and money while also increasing the speed of communication inside the firm. These kind of systems are becoming increasingly important not just for scientific research but also for industrial applications. The System-on-Chip (SoC) used here combines a fast processor system (FPGA) with a Dual-Core ARM 9 hard processor system (HPS), with fast interconnects between these separate components. The supporting software and firmware concepts must be carefully studied for SoC systems to enable real-time control and emulation. This article describes how to use the SoC's resources as efficiently as possible and examines the issues caused by the SoC's internal structure. The fundamental principle here is the use of asymmetric multiprocessing: One of the cores runs a bare-metal operating system in hard real time. A "real-time" Linux operating system conducts service activities and communication on the second core. FPGAs are used for flexible process-oriented interfaces (such as A/D, D/A, and switching signals), quasi-hard-wired protection, and precise timing of the real-time control cycle. This implementation technique is well-known and is even occasionally proposed; but, to the best of the author's knowledge, it is only seldom used and rarely documented in the context of demanding real-time control or emulation. The technique of implementation is broken out in great length in the paper, including the process interfaces, and the research also examines the pros and cons of the chosen notion. The results of the measurements demonstrate the solution's properties.

Keywords: Multiprocessing, Control, Cache Interference, Soc

Abstract

Nonlinear dynamics, such as bifurcation and chaos, have received a lot of interest in the scientific community. The area of power electronics is dynamic and nonlinear, with chaos playing a key role. Time dynamics and nonlinearity cannot be ignored or it will be the default situation in power electronics. The current work uses a bifurcation diagram to simulate the study of bifurcation and chaotic behaviour in a single stage boost converter. It also conveys parameter change and its influence on the bifurcation diagram and stability.

Keywords: Nonlinear Dynamics, Bifurcation, Chaos, Boost Converter.

Abstract

The Hospital management system project work focuses on the management of appointments. The main reason for focusing on this work method is that we must continuously learn and develop to keep up with societal developments. Crowd management, Elimination of heaps of files, digitalization of existing system being the main areas of focus.

Keywords: Hospital Management, Doctor, Quantitative Study, Project Work.

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, particularly neural networks, have had a considerable influence on power electronics in recent years. The concept of neural network applications in intelligent control for power electronics circuits is explored in this research. The Neural Network Controller (NNC) is a power electronics circuit controller that tracks output voltage and improves performance. MATLAB-SIMULINK is used to develop and simulate the controller.

Keywords: Neural Networks, Control systems, MATLAB-SIMULINK, Power Electronics, Artificial intelligence (AI)

Abstract

In recent years, the power quality of the ac system has become great concern due to the rapidly increased numbers of electronic equipment, power electronics and high voltage power system. Most of the commercial and industrial installation in the country has large electrical loads which are severally inductive in nature causing lagging power factor which gives heavy penalties to consumer by electricity board. This situation is taken care by PFC. Power factor correction is the capacity of absorbing the reactive power produced by a load. In case of fixed loads, this can be done manually by switching of capacitors, however in case of rapidly varying and scattered loads it becomes difficult to maintain a high power factor by manually switching on/off the capacitors in proportion to variation of load within an installation. This drawback is overcome by using an APFC panel.

Keywords: Automatic power factor correction, embedded technology, Efficiency of the system increases, Improve the power system performance

Abstract

This project is intended to attain vital cycle switching – a technique to get rid of the complete cycle, cycles, or fractions of cycles of an AC signal. It is a renowned and aged technique of managing AC power, principally across linear loads for instance heaters brought into play in electric oven. However, the concept of achieving the cycle stealing of voltage waveform by the use of Arduino can be very precise as per the program written in Arduino C language so that the actual time-average voltage or currently experienced at the load is proportionately lower than the whole signal if applied to the load. In this project, we are using a comparator for zero crossing detection which is fed as an interrupt to the Arduino Here, delivers the output based on the interrupt received as the reference for generating triggering pulses. Using these pulses, we drive the Opto-isolators for triggering the TRIAC to achieve integral cycle control as per the input switches interfaced to the microcontroller. In place of a linear load to be used in the output, a series motor or lamp can be used to verify the output. One side effect of utilizing this scheme is an imbalance in the input current or voltage waveform as the cycles are switched on and off across the load. A lamp is provided in this project in place of a motor for demonstration purpose. The project output with a lamp appears to be a simple project of lamp flickering but the real objective is to verify in a CRO/DSO ,whether at the random switching also the load switches on at zero cross of the waveform or not. The power supply consists of a step-down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to a DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter, and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805, which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components. Furthermore, this project can be enriched by using a feedback mechanism to automatically maintain the desired output to the load by appropriate cycle stealing

Keywords: Arduino, Arduino Power Control without Generating Harmonics

Abstract

An electrical distribution system's transformer is a critical component. As a result, it's critical to keep an eye on transformers for issues before they become a problem. The goal of this system is to develop and construct an embedded system to monitor and record critical distribution transformer data such as load currents, voltage, and temperature. It is located at the distribution transformer location, and the following parameters are captured using the embedded system's analogue to digital converter (ADC). The collected data is processed and saved in the system memory. If an irregularity or an emergency scenario happens, the system reacts quickly to prevent it. This technology will assist the transformers in running smoothly and detecting issues before they fail. The suggested system is low-cost and simple to operate, and it can monitor and display data using Matlab.

Keywords: Voltage, Transformers, Current, Temperature, MATLAB Simulink

Abstract

Differential protection relays are often used to protect power transformers. Differential protection is the primary safeguard for power transformers against internal defects. External faults have the same impact on the two sets of differential protection current transformers. When an external problem affects only one set of current transformers, differential protection fails and erroneous tripping occurs. This document explains how to safeguard any three-phase power transformer with standardised, current-based differential protection. The major goal of this research is to evaluate whether typical three-phase power transformers may benefit from differential protection.

Keywords: Fault condition, Power transformer, Differential protection, MATLAB Simulink Software

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly the neural networks, are recently having significant impact on power electronics. This paper explores the perspective of neural network applications in the intelligent control for power electronics circuits. The Neural Network Controller (NNC) is designed to track the output voltage and to improve the performance of power electronics circuits. The controller is designed and simulated using MATLAB SIMULINK

Keyword: Artificial neural network, Back propagation, DC-DC converter, Neural Network Controller, Rectifier