Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug formulation ISSN: 3108-0782 (Online)

Authors: Dr. Meera Joshi, Dr. Arjun Patel

Abstract: Excipients play a crucial role in pharmaceutical formulations, influencing drug stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. This paper reviews the impact of commonly used excipients on chemical, physical, and microbiological stability of drugs. Factors such as pH modulation, hygroscopicity, oxidation, and interactions with active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are discussed. The paper highlights formulation strategies, selection criteria for excipients, and analytical approaches for monitoring drug-excipient compatibility. Tables summarizing excipient classes, their functions, and potential effects on drug performance are included. Regulatory considerations and case studies demonstrate the importance of excipient selection in achieving stable and efficacious pharmaceutical products.

Keywords: Excipients, Drug stability, Bioavailability, Formulation, Compatibility, Degradation, Pharmaceutical efficacy, Analytical evaluation.