Author: Prof. Arvind Sharma, Dr. Sneha Kapoor
Abstract: Chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques have revolutionized pharmaceutical analysis by providing accurate, reliable, and highly sensitive tools for identifying and quantifying drug molecules. The increasing complexity of pharmaceutical compounds has necessitated the advancement of analytical techniques that can detect impurities, monitor stability, and ensure therapeutic efficacy. This paper explores modern developments in chromatographic methods including HPLC, UPLC, GC, and hyphenated systems like LC-MS, alongside advances in spectroscopic methods such as NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the integration of these techniques with computational tools and Quality by Design (QbD) frameworks is discussed to highlight their role in enhancing efficiency and regulatory compliance. Case studies and tabular summaries illustrate practical applications, demonstrating how these techniques form the backbone of modern pharmaceutical research.
Keywords: Chromatography, Spectroscopy, Pharmaceutical analysis, Hyphenated techniques, Quality assurance
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