Authors : Dr. Priya Sharma, Dr. Arvind Kumar
Abstract: Microfluidics and lab-on-chip (LOC) technologies have emerged as transformative innovations in science and engineering, enabling the precise manipulation of fluids at the microscale. These platforms combine physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering to miniaturize conventional laboratory processes into compact, automated, and portable systems. Their interdisciplinary relevance spans across biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, pharmaceuticals, chemical synthesis, and point-of care (POC) testing. This paper explores the fundamental principles of microfluidics, evolution of lab-on-chip technologies, materials and fabrication techniques, and their wide-ranging applications. Furthermore, the review identifies existing challenges such as scalability, integration, cost barriers, and regulatory hurdles, while discussing their scope in next-generation healthcare, personalized medicine, and global diagnostics. The analysis emphasizes that microfluidic-based platforms are reshaping modern science, driving innovation toward highly efficient, rapid, and decentralized solutions.
Keywords: Microfluidics, Lab-on-Chip, Point-of-Care Diagnostics, Biomedical Applications, Miniaturization, Biosensors, Drug Discovery, Personalized Medicine
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