Authors: Dr. Priya R. Nair, Mr. Rajesh K. Mehta
Abstract: The increasing global consumption of herbal and natural products necessitates rigorous standardization to ensure safety, efficacy, and reproducibility. Complex phytochemical compositions of these products present significant analytical challenges. This paper reviews advanced analytical techniques for herbal product standardization, including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and capillary electrophoresis. Emphasis is placed on method validation, fingerprinting, quantification of bioactive compounds, and detection of adulterants. Tables summarizing analytical techniques, their applications, and validation parameters are provided. Challenges, regulatory guidelines, and future perspectives on integrating these methods into routine quality control of herbal formulations are also discussed.
Keywords: Herbal Standardization, Advanced Analytical Techniques, HPLC, LC-MS, NMR, FTIR, Quality Control, Phytochemical Analysis
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