Authors: Dr. Sneha Kapoor, Mr. Arjun Mehta
Abstract: High-throughput screening (HTS) techniques have transformed drug discovery by enabling rapid evaluation of large chemical libraries against biological targets. HTS integrates automation, miniaturization, and sensitive detection technologies to identify lead compounds with therapeutic potential. This paper reviews the principles, instrumentation, assay development, and applications of HTS in drug research. Emphasis is placed on assay types, including biochemical, cell-based, and phenotypic screens, along with data analysis and quality control parameters. The advantages of HTS include accelerated lead identification, cost-effectiveness, and improved reproducibility. Challenges such as false positives, assay interference, and data management are discussed. Integration of HTS with computational methods, combinatorial chemistry, and structure-based design enhances drug discovery pipelines, ensuring efficient translation from hits to lead candidates
Keywords: High-Throughput Screening, Drug Discovery, Assay Development, Automation, Lead Identification, Cell-Based Assays, Biochemical Assays, Phenotypic Screening
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