Journal of Research in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ISSN: 3107-4510 (Online)

Authors: Anil Kumar, Priya Deshmukh

Abstract: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has revolutionized the field of mechanical engineering by providing powerful tools for simulating fluid flow and heat transfer processes. This paper explores the fundamental techniques and diverse applications of CFD in various engineering domains. Key numerical methods such as the Finite Volume Method, Finite Element Method, and Finite Difference Method are discussed along with advancements in turbulence modeling, including k-ε, k-ω, Large Eddy Simulation (LES), and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). The paper also highlights the critical role of grid generation and boundary conditions in achieving accurate simulations. Applications of CFD in aerospace, automotive, biomedical, environmental, and energy systems are examined, demonstrating its impact on design optimization and performance enhancement. Despite its benefits, CFD faces challenges such as high computational costs and the need for accurate turbulence modeling. The paper concludes by discussing the future directions of CFD, including the integration with machine learning, multidisciplinary design optimization, and cloud computing.

Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics, Numerical Methods, Turbulence Modeling, Grid Generation, Aerospace Engineering, Biomedical Applications