Authors: V. V. Shukla
Abstract: The Finite Element Analysis presented in this investigation demonstrates the feasibility of employing an anatomically realistic finite element eye model with 8 components. 3-D model of the human eye which closely resembles the dimensions of the actual human eye was modeled in ANSYS®. The human eye is modelled as comprising of eight distinct regions, namely the cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, the ciliary body, the iris, the vitreous humor, the choroid and the sclera. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the pressure of fluid inside the eye. The average value of intraocular pressure within the human eye is 15.5 mmHg with fluctuations of about 2.75 mmHg. An increase in blood pressure is called hypertension similarly an increase in intraocular pressure is called ocular hypertension. An eye is considered to have ocular hypertension if intraocular pressure is consistently 21 mm Hg or above. In some typical physiological cases, a traumatic situation is reached when the eye is subjected to external pressure in addition to IOP. These typical cases are challenging and important for ophthalmologists. The stress distribution over all the eight components of the eye are presented and compared with multiple combinations of IOP and external pressure. The worst case has been observed at highest IOP and highest wind pressure situation yielding a highest stress of 29.883 kPa at the junction of sclera and cornea. This could be eliminated by proper precaution and utilization of protection gear operating in similar work conditions.
Keywords: Human Eye Model, Intra-Ocular Pressure (IOP), Ocular hypertension,
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