Advanced Energy Storage Technologies for Grid Support in Electrical Power Systems

Abstract

As the demand for renewable energy grows, so does the need for efficient and scalable energy storage systems (ESS). This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in ESS technologies, including lithium-ion batteries, redox flow batteries, supercapacitors, and compressed air energy storage (CAES). The technical parameters such as round-trip efficiency, energy density, and response time are compared across technologies. Applications in frequency regulation, peak shaving, and voltage support are also discussed. A simulated deployment of ESS in a microgrid scenario is presented to evaluate performance benefits and operational feasibility. The findings emphasize the role of hybrid storage solutions in supporting grid reliability and flexibility. Keywords: Energy Storage Systems, Grid Flexibility, Lithium-ion Batteries, Microgrids, Power System Stability