Design and Optimization of Low-Power Analog Circuits for IoT Applications

Abstract

With the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for low power analog circuits has significantly increased. IoT devices require efficient analog front-end circuits that consume minimal power while maintaining high performance. This paper discusses key design considerations for low-power analog circuits, including voltage scaling, current-mode design, and sub threshold operation. Various optimization techniques such as dynamic biasing, duty-cycling, and energy harvesting integration are explored. Case studies on low-power amplifiers, sensors, and data converters demonstrate the effectiveness of these design approaches. The paper also highlights the trade offs between power consumption, noise performance, and circuit complexity, providing insights into future trends in IoT circuit design.

Keywords: Low-power circuits, Internet of Things, Energy efficiency, Analog front-end, Sensor interfaces