Auhtors: Varun S. Pandey , Sobhit Agrawal , Sanju Negi , Shivam Pathak
Abstract: Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) and collaborative robots (Cobots) are becoming central in modern manufacturing, healthcare, and service industries. HRI focuses on understanding, designing, and evaluating interactions between humans and robots to ensure safety, efficiency, and intuitiveness. Cobots, as a subcategory of robots, are designed specifically to work alongside humans without compromising safety. This review paper provides an overview of the evolution, methodologies, and applications of HRI and Cobots. It further discusses the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and sensor technologies to enhance interaction capabilities. Challenges such as safety, ethical concerns, and acceptance are highlighted, along with future research directions. Case studies and comparative analyses from recent literature are presented to show practical implementations in manufacturing, healthcare, and service domains.
Keywords: Human-Robot Interaction, Collaborative Robots, Cobots, AI in Robotics, Safety, Industrial Automation
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