Authors: Sangita Chattarje, Sarvesh Rana, Deepak S Baitha, Kuldeep Setty
Abstract: The evolution of Industry 4.0 has transformed traditional manufacturing systems into highly interconnected, data-driven smart factories. The integration of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and edge computing has enabled realtime decision-making, predictive maintenance, and resource optimization, providing significant gains in efficiency, flexibility, and productivity. This paper presents a comprehensive review of smart factory architectures that leverage IIoT and edge computing. We explore the layered architectural models, communication technologies, data management frameworks, and computational strategies. Moreover, challenges such as security, interoperability, and latency are discussed. Several case studies and frameworks are examined to illustrate practical implementations of IIoTenabled smart factories with edge intelligence. The paper concludes with potential research directions for developing resilient, scalable, and adaptive manufacturing ecosystems.
Keywords: Smart factory, IIoT, edge computing, Industry 4.0, industrial automation, real-time analytics, predictive maintenance.
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