Authors: R. K. Verma, S. Mahajan, P. Dutta
Abstract: Modern manufacturing is shifting from fixed mass production toward flexible and customized production systems. Reconfigurable production lines allow rapid change in product type, volume and workflow. In such systems, multiple robots must work together in coordinated manner to perform tasks like assembly, material handling, inspection and packaging. Multi-robot coordination improves productivity and adaptability but also introduces challenges such as task allocation, collision avoidance, communication and real-time control. This paper presents a review of multi-robot coordination approaches in reconfigurable production lines. Different coordination architectures, planning algorithms, communication strategies and control techniques are discussed. Applications in smart factories and Industry 4.0 environments are analyzed. The study also highlights advantages, limitations and future research directions. Results show that cooperative robot systems can significantly increase flexibility and throughput of production lines when proper coordination strategies are applied.
Keywords: Multi-robot systems, Reconfigurable manufacturing, Production lines, Robot coordination, Smart factories, Task allocation, Industrial automation
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