Novel Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

The advent of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has revolutionized modern therapeutics by enhancing drug bioavailability, specificity, and controlled release while minimizing systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique physicochemical properties such as high surface area-to volume ratio, tunable size, and surface functionalization potential, which enable targeted drug delivery and improved pharmacokinetics. This review highlights the recent advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, and hybrid nanostructures. The paper further discusses strategies for targeted delivery, stimuli-responsive systems, and clinical applications across oncology, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Challenges in large-scale production, biocompatibility, and regulatory approval are also addressed. Future perspectives focus on integrating nanotechnology with personalized medicine for more efficient and safer therapeutics.

KEYWORDS:Nanoparticles, Drug delivery, Targeted therapy, Liposomes, Polymeric nanoparticles, Dendrimers, Stimuli-responsive, Pharmacokinetics