International Journal of Advance Civil Engineering and Technology ISSN: 3107-7374 (Online)

Authors:-M Raja Rao , B.Ganesh

Abstract:-Concrete is a manmade composite, the major constituent being natural aggregate such as gravel, or crushed rock, sand and fine particles of cement powder all mixed with water. The concrete as time goes on through a process of hydration of the cement paste, producing required strength to withstand the load. The cost of construction materials is increasing day by day because of high demand, scarcity of raw materials, and high price of energy. From the standpoint of energy saving and conservation of natural resources, the use of alternative constituents in construction materials is now a global concern. For this, the extensive research and development works towards exploring new ingredients are required for producing sustainable and environment friendly construction materials. The recycling of solid wastes in civil engineering applications has undergone considerable development over a very longtime. The utilization of fly ash, blast furnace slag, recycled aggregates, red mud, Kraft pulp production residue, waste tea, Quarry dust etc., in construction materials shows some examples of the success of research in this area. Similarly, the recycling of hazardous wastes for use in construction materials and the environmental impact of such practices has been studied for many years. Rapid increase in construction activities leads to acute shortage of conventional construction materials. It is conventional that sand is being used as fine aggregate in concrete. For the past two years, the escalation in cost of sand due to administrative restrictions in India, demands comparatively greater cost at around two to three times the cost for crusher waste even in places where river sand is available nearby. When examining the above qualities of fly ash and quarry dust it becomes apparent that if both are used together, the loss in early strength due to one may be alleviated by the gain in strength due to the other, and the loss of workability due to the one may be partially negated by the improvement in workability caused by the inclusion of the other.