Authors: Dr. Nilesh R. Pawar
Abstract: Semi-arid regions frequently struggle with unreliable rainfall, extended dry spells, and limited water availability. Efficient design of small-scale irrigation systems becomes essential for sustaining agriculture and ensuring food security in such zones. This paper explores the key design considerations, appropriate technologies, and optimization methods for developing small-scale irrigation systems tailored to semi-arid climates. It discusses water-efficient systems like drip and sprinkler irrigation, the role of water harvesting, integration with solar-powered pumps, and the importance of community-based participatory planning. The findings emphasize sustainable development strategies to enhance water use efficiency and improve crop yields while maintaining ecological balance. Practical recommendations and design parameters are proposed to guide future implementations in water-stressed rural communities.
Keywords: Semi-arid zones, small-scale irrigation, water efficiency, drip systems, solar pumps, participatory planning, sustainable agriculture.
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