Author's: Dr. Priya Sharma,Mr. Rohan Mehta
Abstract: Dams are critical infrastructures that offer diverse benefits such as irrigation, hydroelectric power, flood control, and water supply. However, they also pose significant safety risks due to structural aging, extreme weather events, seismic activities, and operational inefficiencies. This paper assesses the current state of dam safety in India and globally, discusses major failure mechanisms, and highlights risk mitigation strategies through engineering design, technological innovations, and real-time monitoring systems. Case studies of historic dam failures are analyzed to draw lessons and formulate a proactive safety and maintenance framework. The paper concludes with a multi-tiered risk assessment methodology incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), remote sensing, and public preparedness programs to enhance long-term dam resilience.
Keywords: Dam Safety, Risk Assessment, Failure Mechanisms, Real-time Monitoring, Emergency Preparedness
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