Interpretation of Triguna Theory in Mental Health Management According to Ayurveda

Abstract

ABSTRACT The exponential rise in global mental health disorders necessitates the exploration of holistic, multi-dimensional paradigms capable of offering personalized, preventative, and therapeutic interventions. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian science of life, proposes a sophisticated framework for understanding the human mind (Manas) through the construct of Triguna—the three fundamental psychological attributes: Sattva (purity, clarity, and balance), Rajas (dynamism, passion, and agitation), and Tamas (inertia, darkness, and ignorance). While Sattva represents the optimal state of psycho emotional well-being, Rajas and Tamas are recognized as the mental pathogenic humors (Manasa Doshas) when misaligned or excessive. This paper provides a comprehensive interpretation of the Triguna theory within the context of contemporary mental health management. It investigates how these subtle bio-psychological attributes influence personality configuration (Manasa Prakriti), psychiatric etiopathogenesis (Manovikara), and clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, the paper elucidates the therapeutic apparatus of Ayurveda, focusing on Sattvavajaya Chikitsa (Ayurvedic Psychotherapy), Ahara (dietary modifications), Vihara (lifestyle practices, Yoga, and Pranayama), and Aushadha (nootropic Medhya Rasayana herbs). By bridging traditional ontological insights with modern psychological modalities, this review establishes a structural model for integrative psychiatry, offering scalable solutions for modern mental health challenges.

KEYWORDS: Triguna, Sattva, Rajas, Tamas, Sattvavajaya Chikitsa, Manasa Prakriti, Mental Health Management, Ayurvedic Psychiatry.