Security and Privacy in Edge IoT Systems

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly transformed daily life, enabling smart homes, healthcare monitoring, and industrial automation. However, the massive proliferation of IoT devices has increased the attack surface, posing serious security and privacy threats. Edge computing, which processes data near the source rather than in centralized cloud servers, offers significant advantages in latency reduction, bandwidth optimization, and local decisionmaking. Yet, integrating edge computing with IoT brings new security and privacy challenges due to resource constraints, heterogeneity of devices, and decentralized architecture. This paper presents a comprehensive review of security and privacy concerns in Edge IoT systems, analyzing existing solutions and highlighting open research issues. We also provide comparative tables of security mechanisms and propose future research directions for ensuring robust protection in Edge IoT ecosystems.

KEYWORDS: Edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT), cybersecurity, privacy, data protection, distributed systems, lightweight security, authentication