Green Hydrogen Production Using Renewable Energy: Technologies, Integration Strategies, and Future Energy Transformation

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Green hydrogen is rapidly gaining global attention as a clean energy carrier capable of decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy industry, long-distance transport, aviation, shipping, and grid-scale energy storage. Produced through water electrolysis powered entirely by renewable energy sources, green hydrogen eliminates carbon dioxide emissions during production and supports long-term climate goals. Major economies including India, Germany, Japan, Australia, and the European Union have introduced strategic hydrogen roadmaps to accelerate deployment.

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of green hydrogen production using renewable energy, covering advanced electrolysis technologies, renewable-hydrogen coupling architectures, smart grid integration, hydrogen storage innovations, sectoral applications, techno-economic analysis, policy frameworks, safety considerations, and emerging research trends. The study demonstrates that green hydrogen is not only an alternative fuel but a systemic enabler of a sustainable global energy transition.

KEYWORDS: Green Hydrogen, Renewable Energy Integration, Electrolysis Technologies, Hydrogen Economy, Power-to-X, Energy Storage, Decarbonization, Smart Grid