A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice Regarding Breast Self-Examination among Women in Rural Areas of Mizoram

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Breast cancer is a major public-health concern among women, and delayed recognition of breast abnormalities can contribute to later diagnosis. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple breast-awareness practice that can help women become familiar with the usual appearance and feel of their breasts and prompt clinical evaluation of persistent or concerning changes. Indian studies have documented substantial gaps in breast-cancer awareness and BSE practice among rural women [1–4].

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice regarding breast self examination among women living in rural areas of Mizoram and to examine the association of selected demographic variables with knowledge and practice.

Methods: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was designed among 150 women aged 20–55 years from selected rural communities in Mizoram. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and a practice/technique checklist covering awareness of BSE, timing, steps, breast changes requiring attention, and health-seeking behavior. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and correlation analysis were planned. A small skills demonstration was used to assess whether reported practice corresponded to correct technique.

Results: In the illustrative dataset, 18.0% of participants had adequate knowledge, 42.0% had moderate knowledge, and 40.0% had inadequate knowledge. Only 12.0% reported regular BSE, while 8.0% demonstrated a complete and technically appropriate sequence during observation. Higher educational attainment and prior exposure to breast-health information were associated with better knowledge and practice. The numerical findings are simulated for manuscript-development purposes and are not evidence from an actual Mizoram field study.

Conclusion: The proposed study identifies BSE knowledge and technique as potentially important community-health education targets. Culturally appropriate education delivered through nurses and community health workers, combined with clear guidance on seeking clinical evaluation for breast changes, could address knowledge and skill gaps. BSE should be presented as breast awareness and not as a substitute for clinical evaluation or recommended breast-cancer screening.

KEYWORDS: Breast self-examination; breast cancer; knowledge; practice; rural women; Mizoram; breast awareness; community health nursing; early detection.